在現代戰爭中，為使作戰指揮系統具有正確、快速的反應能力，幾乎所有電子情報（electronic intelligence，ELINT）和電子支援（eletronic support measure，ESM）系統，都必須具備定位敵人訊號發射源的能力。由於無源探測系統本身不發射電磁波，不易被敵方偵察系統所發現，可隱蔽地確定發射源的位置。其具有距離遠及抗干擾能力強的優勢，促使無源探測技術日益受到各國的廣泛重視。 無線電定位是無源探測系統的一各組成部分，一般採用測向定位法（AOA）、時差定位法（TDOA）及頻差定位法（FDOA）等三種基本定位方法。本論文涉取了有關無線電定位的重要技術和理論，對廣泛應用的多站交叉定位法進行了理論分析和誤差探討，並以不同數量的測向站及不同測量誤差的情況下，模擬出各自的定位誤差結果。最後以多個測向站分佈不同位置模擬定位發射源目標之結果，分析比較出在特定的測定範圍內，可依較佳的測向站分佈形式來提升系統定位精確度，對實際作戰指揮系統有相當的實用性。 In the modern warfare, for enabling the operational command system to have correct and fast reaction capacity, nearly all the electronic intelligence (ELINT) and the electronic support measure (ESM) system must have the ability of locating the enemy signal source. Because the passive detection system does not emit the electromagnetic wave by itself to let it diffcult to be discovered by the enemy reconnaissance system, it can locate the enemy signal source secretly. The superiority of the long distance and the robust anti-jamming ability makes the passive detection technology to be appreciated gradually by the every country. The radiolocation is one component of the passive detection system, and commonly includes angle of arrival (AOA) algorithm, time-difference of arrival (TDOA) algorithm and frequency-difference of arrival (FDOA) algorithm. Some radiolocation important technology and theory are investigated in this paper, and we take theoretical analysis and error discussion for the comprehensive application on multi-based cross location algorithm, and simulate the location error respectively in the case of the different number of direction base and the different measuring error. Finally, we simulate and analyze to the multi-targets location in the case of the many direction base distributed different position, and obtained the better arrangement way which can promote accuratity in the location system. Therefore, it has the suitable usability to the actual operational command system.
