| 摘要: | 由於生活品質之要求不斷提昇，地球暖化及天氣異常情況日益嚴重，人們對於空調需求大幅增加，同時對振動噪音的忍受度變得相對嚴苛，迴轉式壓縮機具有曲軸機構使其壓縮機具有體積小且加工簡單之優勢，所以被廣泛使用，內部結構因曲軸偏心質量與氣體變動負載作用下，使得結構產生動不平衡及振動，故業者除需提升機器性能外，更需改善振動噪音的問題，因此有必要研究如何抑制壓縮機之振動。顆粒是一種被動和非線性能量耗散阻尼，優點包括耐高溫和惡劣環境，對原始結構修改少等特點，常用於改善加工品質、振動噪音問題，本研究提出調諧顆粒阻尼器(Tuned Particle Damper, TPD)之概念設計，將主配重塊(Main Counterweight)和阻尼顆粒(Damping Particle)之優點，用於校正迴轉式壓縮機之動不平衡及振動，透過壓縮機曲軸旋轉所產生離心力，以及顆粒易附著於腔壁之特性，設計一款可在不同腔室填充不同比例顆粒的阻尼器，以同時達到配重和抑振之雙重效果；此外更透過離散元素法(Discrete Element Method, DEM)及多體動力學(Multi-Body Dynamics, MBD)進行具TPD壓縮機之雙向耦合動力分析。為了解TPD之抑振性能，藉由改變顆粒粒徑、顆粒形狀、摩擦係數及恢復係數等參數，以深入探討對壓縮機動態特性，更透過顆粒流變效應及能量耗損分析以獲得最佳之TPD設計參數，最後從轉子上觀測點之運動評估TPD之抑振改善功效。;Due to the increasing demand for quality of life, global warming and weather anomalies are becoming more and more serious, people′s demand for air conditioning has increased significantly, while the tolerance of vibration noise has become relatively harsh, rotary compressor with crankshaft mechanism to make its compressor small size and simple processing advantages, so it is widely used. The internal structure of the rotary compressor is caused by the movement imbalance and vibration of the structure under the action of the eccentric mass of the crankshaft and the variable load of the gas. In addition to improving the performance of the machine, it is necessary to improve the problem of vibration noise, so it is necessary to study how to suppress the vibration of the compressor. Particle is a passive and nonlinear energy dissipation damping. Its advantages include high temperature resistance in harsh environment, and few modifications to the original structure. It often used to improve processing quality and vibration noise problems. The concept design of Tuned Particle Damper (TPD) is proposed, combining the advantages of Main Counterweight and Damping Particles used to correct the vibration of rotary compressors. Through the centrifugal force generated by the crankshaft of rotary compressors and the characteristics of the particles easily attached to the cavity wall, a damper that can be filled with different proportions of particles in different chambers is designed to achieve both the dual effect of counterweight and vibration suppression. In addition, two-way coupling dynamic analysis with TPD compressors is also performed through the Discrete Element Method (DEM) and Multi-body Dynamics (MBD). In order to understand the vibration suppression performance of TPD, the dynamic characteristics of the compressor are discussed in view of the particle size, particle shape, friction coefficient and recovery coefficient. And obtains the best design parameters through particle rheological effects and energy consumption analysis. Finally, it evaluate the TPD vibration suppression effect from the rotor observation point of the motion. |
