| 摘要: | 本論文嚐試開發設計一個蚶線型滑轉板汽油轉子引擎，其相較於傳統往復式汽油引擎，具有體積小和重量輕(體積及重量約傳統往復式引擎的1/5)，以及每轉720度會有四次(比往復式引擎多三次)輸出動力之優點，適合軍用無人機之引擎或電動車之增程器的應用。在實驗室已有的蚶線型滑轉板轉子引擎壓縮部實作設計基礎上(陳寅立，2019)，本研究進一步製作動力部，並組合壓縮部及動力部，以進行蚶線型滑轉板轉子引擎動態測試。先用交流馬達調整不同轉速來量測排氣量、壓力變化及扭力損失，並分析壓力與扭力隨著角度變化。引燃測試則用啟動馬達驅動轉子，透過Arduino主機板連結對射式光電感應模組，讀取光柵盤的轉速來調整化油器。選擇化學計量之燃料和空氣(當量比為1)，而燃料選用95無鉛汽油，讓混合氣被壓縮進入動力部後，用火星塞嚐試作引燃測試，目前仍未成功，尚有諸多問題待克服。其一為滑轉板摩擦力問題，因滑轉板旋轉時沒有限位機制，再加上轉速上升會使向心力增加，使得滑轉板會過度摩擦腔體，進而導致滑轉板與腔體間之摩擦力上升，使得需要更大扭力讓引擎能夠啟動運轉，例如轉速設定值在150 rpm時，扭力僅需5 N·m，引擎即可順利啟動運轉，但轉速設定值在1050 rpm時，扭力則需要20 N·m，其引擎才可順利啟動運轉。另一為氣密問題，各腔體內部氣密問題已大致解決，但壓縮部和動力部之間仍有氣密問題尚待解決，此氣密不良問題導致壓縮效果不佳，動力部引燃處所量測最大壓縮壓力為1.843 bar，僅為設計值5.9 bar的31.2%。而轉速設定值在450 rpm~900 rpm時，動力部的實際排氣量都超過動力部的理論排氣量，代表壓縮部有氣體洩漏至動力部，這是使得引燃測試無法順利進行的主要原因。雖然，目前無法順利成功引燃運轉蚶線型滑轉板汽油轉子引擎，但經由前述實作動態測試，已找出須克服之問題，有助實驗室未來持續開發此一創新型轉子引擎之工作。;This thesis aims to develop and design a limacon slide-rotating plate gasoline rotary engine, which is smaller and lighter than the traditional reciprocating gasoline engine (size and weight are about one-fifth of the traditional reciprocating engine). The additional advantage of this engine is that it has four times power output per 720° (three times more than the reciprocating engine). Such a rotary engine is suitable to be used in military UAV engines or as a range-extender for electric vehicles. Based on our previous design of a limacon slide rotating plate rotary engine compression part (Yin-Li Chen, 2019), this research further manufactures the power part. Combining of the compression part with the power part, the dynamics testing of the limacon slide-rotating plate rotary engine is performed. We use an AC motor to adjust different speeds to measure engine displacement, pressure change, torque loss. Furthermore, we analyze the pressure and torque changes from different angles. The photoelectric sensor module is connected with the Arduino motherboard to read the rotation speed of a grating disk. And then we adjust the carburetor. A stoichiometric fuel to air equivalence ratio(ψ=1), where the fuel is the commercial unleaded gasoline 95. We let the fuel/air mixture compress into the power part, then we use a car spark plug to ignite the mixture for the ignition test. Unfortunately, the ignition test was unsuccessful. There are still several problems to be overcome before a successful engine operation could be achieved. The first problem is the friction problem of the slide-rotating plate. We need to develop a counter-balanced mechanism when the slide-rotating plate rotates, when the rotational speed increases, the centripetal force increases. Thus, the slide-rotating plate is excessively rubbing the rotor housing. It leads to the friction problem between the slide-rotating plate and the rotor housing, resulting in more torque needed in order to run the engine. For example, when the speed setting value is 150 rpm, it only requires 5 N•m of torque to run the engine, but the torque required to run 1050 rpm increased to 20 N•m. The other problem is the gas leakage problem. The gas leakage problem inside the rotor housing has been solved, but there is still an unresolved gas leakage problem between the compression part and the power part. Poor gas tightness problem can result in poor compression. The maximum compression pressure measured is 1.843 bar, which is only 31.2% of the design value of 5.9 bar. When the speed setting value is 450 to 900 rpm, the actual displacement of the power part exceeds the theoretical displacement of the power part. This means that there is gas leakage from the compression part to the power part. Because of the aforesaid two problems, the ignition test cannot be smoothly carried out. Although we cannot operate successfully the limacon slide-rotating plate gasoline rotary engine, we identify the problems to be solved. This will help us to develop an innovative rotary engine in the future. |
