職業災害輕則個人身體受傷、重則導致生命、財產的損失，為了預防職業災害發生，就必須做好事前的預防，然而要達到有效的預防，須先分析生產製造過程中有哪些可能造成職業災害的危害因子，才能去執行後續的危害因子消除或提出預防對策。然而不論是勞動部頒布風險評估技術指引的所建議可參考危險性工作場所製程定期評估時所用的5種危害分析方法或從文獻回顧中的國外ISO45001：2018，均各有其優缺點，但是在應用上都需要具備高度的專業能力或專業團隊去執行，在一般傳統企業在應用上都甚感困難，更何況對於中小企業在應用上如同荊棘叢生，對此一問題實在讓人感同身受，因此本研究將利用系統化的概念與原則為基礎，以系統觀、物件觀及事件觀分析確認生產作業活動中可能產生的異常及異常造成之危害，並建立製程危害分析與管理之程序步驟及方法，套入某實體廠製程作為真實案例應用，以其執行成果作為與工作安全分析方法、風險技術指引建議之流程與方法進行比較與檢討，證明本研究所發展與建立的方法之正確性與可行性。研究結果顯示，本研究所發展系統化危害分析與管理方法，將其危害分析作業程序與方法以圖表和條列式方法逐一說明，讓管理者能夠按照步驟去執行製程危害分析，在掌握危害後風險角度去作危害分級管理，並從法規、社會及經濟等不同層面去評量管理方案，再利用簡單加權法進行期望值排序，解決管理者在做出決策時的困擾。;In order to prevent occupational disasters, rangeing from personal bodily injury to the loss of life and property, precautions must be taken into consideration. However, to achieve the most effective prevention, it is necessary to analyze what may cause occupational disasters in the manufacturing process so that we can implement the subsequent elimination of the hazard factors or propose preventive measures.Either the Risk Assessment Technical Guidelines issued by the Ministry of Labor or the internationalized guideline ISO45001:2018 is not so friendly to traditional and small manufacturing business because the applications require a very high degree of professional competence or professional teams to execute. Therefore, this research will use systematic concepts and principles as the basis to analyze the possible abnormalities and the hazards caused by the abnormalities in the production activities through the system view, object view and event view. Besides, this research will establish the process steps and procedures for hazard analysis and management. The researcher uses a real factory as an example and the results are compared with the Risk Assessment Technical Guidelines to prove the correctness and feasibility of the methods developed and established by this research.Through the designed systematic approach and explained its hazard analysis procedures and methods in charts and lists, the research results show that managers can not only follow the steps to perform the process hazard analysis but also classify the hazards management. Even better, a simple weighting method is used to sort the expected value which results in solving the problems of managers in making decisions.
