利用UAV整合LoRa與磁導喚醒技術的物聯網架構研發;Research and development of IoT architecture using UAV to integrate LoRa and magnetic wake-up technology

NCUIR > Engineering College > Graduate Institute of Civil Engineering > Electronic Thesis & Dissertation > Item 987654321/84852

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://ir.lib.ncu.edu.tw/handle/987654321/84852

Title:	利用UAV整合LoRa與磁導喚醒技術的物聯網架構研發;Research and development of IoT architecture using UAV to integrate LoRa and magnetic wake-up technology
Authors:	溫俊堯;Wen, Chun-Yao
Contributors:	土木工程學系
Keywords:	無人機;UAV
Date:	2021-01-22
Issue Date:	2021-03-18 16:30:05 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	國立中央大學
Abstract:	近年來物聯網及無線感測技術已廣泛的應用於結構健康監測上。此類系統大多為電池供電，必須定時休眠以延長電池使用壽命。此外，多數的系統都建置在較難以到達的區域，常利用傳輸中繼站(含資料擷取器 )，以 3G/4G 等無線方式傳回遠端資料平台。在實務上，固定式中繼站會因為災害等事件造成毀損，因此要隨時準備好臨時中繼站；再來，中繼站設在固定位置，理論上越高越好，但實務上很難辦到，所以才有用 UAV 的想法。因此，本研究目的為開發並整合 LoRa（ Long Range）與磁導喚醒技術的 UAV(unmanned aerial vehicle) 行動閘道器 (UAVbased Moving Gateway)，完成了初步 UAV 結構健康監測物聯網架構，包含了地面監測中心用來發送喚醒訊息並藉由 LoRa 無線傳輸發送至 UAV 行動閘道器，及透過 mission planner 介面監控 UAV 任務與飛行狀態； UAV 行動閘道器則以四旋翼無人機與 MCU(Micro-Control Unit) 控制板為主要核心，由微控器 (MCU)整合各項感測器與微控制器，如低頻發射天線與 LoRa，接收從地面監測中心所傳出之指令，再將指令透過 LoRa 無線傳輸至感測節點，或是由低頻發射天線透過 MI(Magnetic Induction)技術觸發喚醒感測節點運行，再接收由感測節點所傳回之資料，由 LoRa 無線傳輸傳至地面監測中心；感測節點則由微控器 (MCU) 為主要核心，由微控器 (MCU)整合各項感測器與微控制器，接收從 UAV ii 行動閘道器所傳出之指令，再將感測器所得到之感測資料無線傳輸回 UAV 行動閘道器。本研究結果表明本系統可以成功的遠端利用喚醒睡眠中之感測節點，並可發送訊號令其從睡眠狀態喚醒。低頻天線在 12V 供電之情況下，觸發距離約為 1～3 公尺。而 LoRa 於近距離下幾乎不會有信號延遲與掉包率之結果，若再加上 4G 或 5G 通訊，則會提高 UAV 行動閘道器之使用性。;In recent years, the Internet of Things and wireless sensing technologies have been widely used in structural health monitoring. Most of these systems are battery-powered and must sleep periodically to extend battery life. In addition, most systems are built in areas that are difficult to reach, and often use transmission relay stations (including data capture devices) to transmit back to remote data platforms via wireless methods such as 3G/4G. In practice, fixed relay stations will be damaged due to disasters and other events, so you should always be prepared for temporary relay stations; again, relay stations should be located in fixed locations. In theory, the higher the better, but in practice, it is difficult to do so, so UAV is useful. Thoughts. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to develop and integrate LoRa (Long Range) and UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) mobile gateway (UAV-based Moving Gateway) that integrates LoRa (Long Range) and permeance wake technology, and completes the preliminary UAV structural health monitoring IoT architecture, including The ground monitoring center is used to send wake-up messages and sent to the UAV mobile gateway via LoRa wireless transmission, and to monitor the UAV mission and flight status through the mission planner interface; the UAV mobile gateway uses quadrotor drones and MCU (Micro -Control Unit) The control board is the main core. The microcontroller (MCU) integrates various sensors and microcontrollers, such as low-frequency transmitting antennas and LoRa, to receive instructions from the ground monitoring center, and then transmit the instructions LoRa is wirelessly transmitted to the sensing node, or the low-frequency transmitting antenna triggers the wake-up of the sensing node to operate through MI (Magnetic Induction) technology, and then receives the data returned by the sensing node, and transmits it to the ground monitoring center by LoRa wireless transmission; The sensor node is composed of a microcontroller (MCU) as the main core. The microcontroller (MCU) integrates various iv sensors and microcontrollers, receives instructions from the UAV mobile gateway, and then detects The sensing data obtained by the device is wirelessly transmitted back to the UAV mobile gateway. The results of this research show that the system can successfully remotely use to wake up the sensing node in sleep and send a signal to wake it from sleep. When the low-frequency antenna is powered by 12V, the trigger distance is about 1 to 3 meters. In LoRa, there is almost no signal delay and packet drop rate at short distances. If 4G or 5G communication is added, the usability of UAV mobile gateways will be improved.
Appears in Collections:	[Graduate Institute of Civil Engineering] Electronic Thesis & Dissertation

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