| 摘要: | 摘 要
消防法第12條第1項規定：「經中央主管機關公告應實施認可之消防機具、器材及設備，非經中央主管機關所登錄機構之認可，並附加認可標示者，不得銷售、陳列或設置使用。」，基此內政部以評鑑方式委由登錄機構執行消防機具、器材及設備之檢驗，登錄機構係代替政府執行公權力，為消防機具、器材及設備之產品品質作把關，同時確保公共安全及保障民眾生命財產無虞。登錄機構針對公告應實施認可之消防機具、器材及設備品目，利用規範之儀具設備與人力執行檢驗業務。然實務檢驗人員之指派，係以人員順序及循環之原則作指派，看似平均及公平之指派，其實缺乏系統式及科學化之整合，容易因決策者之習慣、情緒、經驗、情感及背景等主觀因素，造成人力指派不公平及人員工作負荷失衡之情形，如何確實且有效率之人員指派，實為一重要議題。
本研究係以某登錄機構之實驗室檢驗人員為對象範例，利用0-1整數規劃方法建構最佳化數學模式，透過運用LINGO 12.0作業軟體及Microsoft Excel 2010版試算表，作為分析工具進行運算求解，藉由上述之數學模式進行範例求解，其求解效率極佳且結果符合實務所需。並與人工經驗指派進行分析比較，本研究模式之指派時間及指派結果等皆較人工經驗指派更具效率且公平。另本研究以週期天數、案件數及人員等參數變動進行敏感度與方案分析，其分析結果可作為實驗室內部人力編制及檢驗工作指派作業參考及應用，使決策者執行檢驗工作指派時能更具公平性、效率性及準確性，以避免造成實驗室相關人員勞逸不均之問題，達到人員指派最平均及公平之目的。
關鍵字：消防機具、器材及設備、人力指派、最佳化、整數規劃、LINGO。
;Abstract
Article 12, Paragraph 1 of the Fire Service Act stipulates: "Any fire control machine & tool, apparatus and equipment subject to approval as published by the central regulating authorities may not be offered for sale, display, installation and/or use unless they have survived the approval by the registered Institution of the central regulating authorities and bear an approval label." Based on this, the Ministry of the Interior assigns the registration agency to inspect Fire-Fighting Appliances and Equipments through evaluation. The registration agency acts on behalf of the government to perform public powers. It is to check the product quality of Fire-Fighting Appliances and Equipments. At the same time, it ensures public safety and protects people′s lives and property. The registration agency shall implement the approved Fire-Fighting Appliances and Equipments in the announcement and use the standardized equipment and workforce to perform the inspection. However, the appointment of actual inspection personnel is based on the principle of shift and rotation. The seemingly balanced and fair assignments lack systematic and scientific integration. It is subject to factors such as the habits, emotions, experience, emotions, and background of decision-makers, which can easily lead to unfair assignments and imbalances in workload. How to assign personnel reliably and efficiently is indeed an important issue.
This research is based on the laboratory inspectors of a registered institution as an example. It uses the 0-1 integer programming method to construct an optimized mathematical model. LINGO 12.0 operating software and Microsoft Excel 2010 spreadsheet are adopted as the analysis tool for calculation and solution. With the above mathematical model to solve the problem, the solution efficiency is excellent. The results meet the practical needs. It is compared with assignments by experience. The time and result of this research model are more efficient and fair than assignments by experience. In addition, this study analyzes the sensitivity and plan based on the changes in parameters such as cycle days, number of cases, and personnel. The analysis results can be used to reference and apply for the laboratory′s internal staffing preparation and inspection assignment. It makes decision-makers more fair, efficient, and accurate when performing inspection assignments. The research results can avoid the loading balance issue of the relevant personnel in the laboratory and achieve the goal for the most balanced and fair selection of personnel.
Keywords: Fire-Fighting Appliances and Equipments, workforce assignment, optimization, integer programming, LINGO |
