| 摘要: | 近年地震經歷，突顯國內建設結構耐震安全議題，致公共工程欲取得耐震標章之設計與施工標的，更為主要建設(機場航站、船舶港灣、高速公路大橋、電汽機械運輸工程、電力及自來水廠、集合住宅、超高大樓…等工程)，採取「結構外審」制度和「耐震規範」訂立，成為耐震標章之「規劃設計階段耐震結構審查」、「施工階段按圖施工之耐震監督」，確立耐震建築物之品質及安全性。
本研究中提出衝突檢討問題，於鋼筋檢料、施工規劃、監造與耐震監督人審查施工圖及施工查驗，針對設計圖施工性問題，都已施工品質為首要，正是如此，藉本次研究提出，既然標準圖為施工準則，應精進規範條件，設計規畫更能貼近施工性，避免設計造成施工衝突，卻被認定是施工缺失，標準圖是鋼筋混凝土施工基本原則，標準圖規範應增訂屬耐震設計強柱弱梁，結構部位應避免地震時短柱、短梁而造成結構破壞，達到結構制震功能；隔牆與局部牆與梁接合，應使梁塑性鉸得以發展出來，達到結構消能功能，施工規劃、現場鋼筋組立才能依據設計原意，做好耐震設計施工品質，達到建築物設計安全性。
;From major earthquakes in recent years, earthquake resistance design has received escalated attention with regards to structural safety of buildings. In public works, the verification of earthquake resistance design has also become a standard procedure for design and construction. From airports, harbors, highways, power plants, major bridges, water treatment plants, high-rise buildings, etc. the owners have required independent structural design review and adopted earthquake-resistance design specifications univocally, both in design and construction stages.
This research examines the potential constructability issues when adopting the earthquake-resistance design specifications in general. The aspects which are taken into consideration include rebar material planning, construction planning, construction supervision, and independent structural design reviews. In particular, the standardized rebar and concrete working drawings which are derived from such specifications as quality control norms are carefully and meticulously criticized with respect to construction conflicts and impracticability.
From the scope of this research, such conflicts or impracticability are treated as construction defects to be resolved, further devastating the effects of adopting the earthquake-resistance design. This research identifies the loopholes in standardized working drawings and discusses the solutions or compromises between the specifications and constructability concerns. This research also calls for the addition of areas of improvements, including adding strong-pillar/weak-beam systems, avoiding short-pillar/short-beam designs, and connecting inner walls with wall/beam systems. It is hoped that energy absorption consideration must be a built-in feature, so that the earthquake resistance design can make a long-standing peace with constructability concerns. |
