| 摘要: | 科技工業對國家經濟發展貢獻至鉅，但處理稍有不慎，即易釀致災害。所以科技公司的作業區域平時除了落實工安自主檢查及依法設置安全設施之外，也需依製程安全評估其廠內之危害特性，並防止類似之事故災例發生，而後強化自衛消防編組及結合火場指揮救災安全演練，俾於事故一旦發生的時候，能夠有效的進行初步自救，並且橫向溝通聯繫消防機關，以及要如何有效降低災害發生，佈署後續搶救部署作業。所以現行自衛消防編組人力排班，決策者以往僅考量編組人員之組別、人數、及週期等因素進行消防編組排班。人工經驗排班缺乏科學性、系統性等依據，造成耗費時間、任務完成度偏低、及人力編排不公平等缺點。
本研究以最佳化理論進行消防編組排班作業，利用0-1整數規劃方法，建構整數規劃模式，考量指派時所需之個別要求及限制條件設定，應用LINGO 17.0作業研究軟體規劃，搭配Microsoft Excel彙整數據圖表化分析，以達成人員指派公平化為目的。本研究與人工經驗排班分析結果，可減少編組人員作業時間，提高人力資源分配利用，然後藉由範例測試之敏感度分析，探討影響本模式之各項重要參數條件，在特定範圍內增減變動，觀察輸出結果並分析其影響變化之情形，而後依據前述變動輸入不同參數條件，作為決策者編排消防編組排班作業之參考。
;The science and technology industry has made great contribution to the country′s economic development, but if handled carelessly, it is easy to cause disasters. Therefore, in addition to implementing independent inspection of work safety and setting up safety facilities according to law, it is also necessary to evaluate the hazard characteristics in the factories according to the manufacturing safety standard and prevent the occurrence of similar accidents and disasters, and then strengthen self-defense fire organization and combined with fire disaster command relief drills, so that once an accident occurs, initial self-rescue can be effectively carried out, along with lateral communication to contact with fire authorities, as well as how to effectively reduce the occurrence of disasters and deploy follow-up rescue and deployment operations. Therefore, in the current scheduling of manpower for the self-defense fire organization, decision makers used to only consider factors such as the group, number and cycle of personnel in scheduling. Manual method generally lacks scientific and systematic approach, resulting in time-consuming, low task completion and unfair manpower scheduling.
In this study, the optimization theory was used to carry out fire marshalling and scheduling operation, by using 0-1 integer programming method to construct an integer programming model, while considering the individual requirements and restrictions required during each assignment. And, the LINGO 17.0 operation research software was used to plan, with the data assembled in Microsoft Excel for graphic analysis, in order to achieve the goal of fair assignment. The results of this study and manual scheduling analysis showed that the operation time of personnel could be reduced to improve more utilization of human resources and distribution of manpower. Then, through the sensitivity analysis of the example test, the study would discuss various important parameters of affecting the mode, as whether they increased or decreased within a specific range, and observed the output results and analyzes the influential changes, before deciding on inputting different parameters accordingly to the aforementioned changes, as a reference for decision makers to arrange and schedule operations. |
