政府大力提倡營造工地的勞工安全已有相當時日，但國內仍不時會傳出有職業災害的意外發生，往往等發生重大職災後才會再提出哪方面需要改革，但改革方針卻都只針對法條本身，訂定更加嚴格的標準，未曾考慮到法條本身對於台灣營造業的勞工及雇主們是否妥適。 本研究以桃園市某大型營造工地為研究對象，於一年的時間中，實地走訪工地現場，透過直接觀察法，實際紀錄了第一線現場勞工在作業時所發生的錯誤態樣，並根據其錯誤行為之類別、工種、身份、性別、年齡、及所違背之法條，進行分類與統計，再藉由統計圖表及錯誤態樣的次數，找出工地中勞工或雇主最常發生的錯誤態樣，及最常遭勞工或雇主違反的職業安全衛生法規，並探討發生的錯誤態樣與遭違背之法條之間的關係，兩者是否與廠商或是勞工本身的工作效率、成本、品質有直接影響，才會導致錯誤態樣不停地出現，最後再針對遭違反之法規，提出可建議修正方向，以期能改善國內營造工地職業災害發生的頻率。 ;Occupational safety for construction is always one of the most important topics. Construction safety issues raise mostly due to workers’ misconduct patterns. Although those are not necessarily dangerous enough to threaten practitioners’ lives, it is the initial step toward danger. The research objective is aimed at investigating misconduct patterns related to occupational safety in construction sites and then summarizes suggestions for practitioners. Starting with literature review that suggests collecting on-site data, we targeted at construction sites based on sampling with criteria of 95% confidence level, 50-50 category, and 5% limits of error. A total of 2,207 misconduct pattern samples were collected. The top three types of misconduct patterns made up over 82.8% of the total, including fall prevention facilities, construction platform protection, and safety actions. These misconduct patterns violated the 224th, 225th, 281st clauses of occupational safety laws and the 8th clause of labor protection in elevated operation act. Accordingly, 9 suggestions were made to benefit practitioners in order to prevent potential damage from misconduct patterns.
