| 摘要: | 隨著科技的日新月異，對材料的需求日益遽增，單從自然界提取材料已經無法滿足現代的快速發展，因此人們開始利用人工合成手段製備具高性能的材料。有機光電材料近年來成為科學家爭相研究的領域，其中三?并苯 (truxene)小分子衍生物因擁有良好的平面性、高熱穩定性、易於調整結構等特點，相關報導的有如雨後春筍般地增長。
三?并苯小分子衍生物被廣泛應用於有機場效電晶體、有機發光二極體、有機太陽能電池、染料敏化太陽能電池、鈣鈦礦太陽能電池等有機光電領域，有鑑於此類型結構的出色表現，含雜原子三?并苯 (heteroatom-containing truxene)的發展也逐漸備受重視，其中以三氮雜三?并苯 (triazatruxene)為核心結構的衍生物應用於鈣鈦礦太陽能電池獲得優異的光電轉換效率(power conversion efficiency, PCE)，而類似結構的三?吩并三?(trithienotriindene)研究卻相對稀少，截至目前為止相關的文獻報導僅有兩篇，推測是合成策略受到阻礙。
傳統上，三?吩并三?的合成步驟相對繁瑣，且需要多次使用有機金屬試劑及強鹼，並在嚴苛的低溫環境下完成反應，所耗費的時間和環境成本較多。因此，本團隊在此次研究中引入綠色化學的概念，開發出全新的省步驟合成途徑，可以快速製備出以三?吩并三?作為核心結構的各類小分子衍生物。而為了延伸其π共軛系統並調控適當的能階，我們也利用最適化的直接碳-氫/碳-溴耦合反應聯接不同的末端基，進而得到四種新的小分子(YCW01-04)。接著對其熱性質及光電性質進行一系列的探討與評估，最終也參照文獻嘗試將YCW01-04組裝成鈣鈦礦太陽能電池元件中的電洞傳輸層，期望能獲得優秀的光電轉換效率。
;As technology improves every day, the demand of materials is increasing rapidly. Extracting materials from nature can not satisfy the fast-developing modern, so people began to synthesize high performance materials. In recent years, organic photoelectronic materials have become a field of research by scientists. Among them, small molecule truxene derivatives have the characteristics of good solubility, high thermal stability, and easy to adjust structure. Related reports are gradually increasing.
Truxene derivatives are widely used in organic photoelectric fields such as organic field-effect transistors, organic light-emitting diodes, organic solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells, perovskite solar cells, etc. In view of this structure outstanding performance, the development of heterotruxene have gradually attracted attention. Among which triazatruxene derivatives as the core structure obtained excellent power conversion efficiency (PCE) for use in perovskite solar cells. However, research on trithienotriindene, which has a structure similar to that of heterotruxene is very rare. Up to now, there are only two related literature reports. It is speculated that the synthesis strategy is hindered.
The traditional synthesis of trithienotriindene require relatively tedious synthetic step and using organometallic reagents. In order to simplify time-consuming synthetic method and reduce environmental damage. We develop a new step-saving synthesis route for trithienotriindene derivatives as central core structure, and coupling with different end groups via optimized direct C-H/C-Br coupling reaction to regulate the appropriate energy levels. Fabricating these molecules YCW01-04 in perovskite-based solar cells as hole-transporting materials (HTMs) is our current goal, and expect it has good power conversion efficiency. |
