摘要 對一般人士來說，透過滑鼠和鍵盤來操作電腦是相當方便的事情，不幸地，對於身心障礙人士卻沒有辦法享受到這種方便的互動。如何改善這個狀況是個刻不容緩的任務。對於人類來說，語音是一種自然的溝通方式，對於沒辦法使用這些控制介面的人士，使用語音操作來控制電腦是個不錯的取代方式。目前，應用於語音辨識上，主要有下列三種方法，(1) 動態時間校正(DTW)演算法，(2) 隱藏Markov模型(HMM)，和(3) 模糊類神經方法(neuro-fuzzy approaches)。當然，這些方法都有個別的優缺點，在本篇論文中，我們提出了一個新的方法，結合了Kohonen的自我組織特徵映射圖網路(SOM)和一個圖樣比對方式，來應用於辨識單詞語音上。我們使用這個新的語音辨識方法來實現了一個聲控滑鼠介面，使得使用者能夠以語音命令來操作滑鼠。 在本論文中我們也發展了一個點字樂譜自動化製作的整合環境。透過此整合環境，使用者可以將所要學習的樂譜，先經掃描器轉至電腦檔案中，然後，藉由辨識程式辨識在被掃描的樂譜上的所有音樂符號，最後再將辨識結果轉換成點字樂譜檔案，並將點字樂譜檔案以語音呈現給使用者。藉由此整合環境，我們可大量減少人工製作的費用以及縮短製作時間，以便為國內視覺障礙人士製作大量的點字樂譜。 Abstract: For able-bodies people, access to computers can be taken for granted because conventional computer interfaces (e.g. a keyboard and a mouse) are designed with the able-bodies in mind. Unfortunately, people with physical disabilities cannot enjoy the benefits provided by computers on equal term. Therefore, how to lower or even tear down the barriers between computers and users with disabilities is a very demanding task. Since speech is a natural communication means for human being, the voice-operation feature is the idea control method for the large number of disabled people who cannot use conventional computer interfaces. Currently, there are three different approaches to speech recognition such as (1) dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm, (2) hidden Markov model (HMM), and (3) neuro-fuzzy approaches. Each has its own merits and disadvantages. In this thesis, a new method that combines Kohonen’s self-organizing feature map and a simple pattern matching method is proposed for isolated word recognition. Based on this new recognition method a voice-controlled mouse is implemented to allow the user to issue voice commands to move the cursor and/or click the buttons. In this thesis, we also develop an integrated environment for automatically manufacturing Braille music scores. Under this integrated environment, users can first use a scanner to scan music scores into a computer, run the recognition software to recognize musical symbols on scanned music scores, and then transform the recognized results into Braille music scores. By using the proposed integrated environment, we can greatly reduce the labor fees and shorten the time for manufacturing a large amount of Braille music scores for the blind in Taiwan.
