| 摘要: | 本研究目的在於開發「自動化高動態範圍之三維點雲量測技術」，用於量測工件待測物，並建立三維點雲資料，最後透過德國VDI規範進行結果評估，觀察有加入自動化高動態範圍技術的建模成效。由於三維點雲技術是由二維影像資訊轉為三維點雲資訊，所以在影像品質上會有特別要求，且容易受到環境及光源的影響。本研究透過提出的自動化高動態範圍技術(High Dynamic Range, HDR)解決過曝問題以及排除人為操作因素後，並結合結構光(Structured Light)與立體視覺技術(Stereo Vision, SV)，可重建出待測物的三維點雲資料。
高動態範圍影像技術(HDR)的原理是利用不同曝光時間的影像合成方式，並將此應用在擷取到的影像上。由於使用高動態範圍技術需要多個曝光時間參數，而曝光時間參數的選擇更是尤其重要，因此本研究加入自動化的方式，將所需要的曝光時間透過程式計算，並完全排除人為手動控制的因素。本研究解決了因為過曝導致量測不到的問題及排除人為操作因素，並針對使用自動化高動態範圍技術之結果，透過德國規範VDI 2634評估，觀察解決問題後的建模成效。評估實驗中，總共進行三組實驗，每組實驗會量測五次。在工作距離400 mm、焦距16 mm、景深範圍150 mm、視野範圍360 mm × 260 mm的情況下，XYZ軸解析度皆可達0.1 mm，準確度可達-0.15 mm ~ 0.1 mm，精確度可達0.08 mm。
;The purpose of this research is to develop the "automated high dynamic range 3D point cloud measurement technology" for measuring the workpiece to be measured, and establishing 3D point cloud data, and finally evaluate the results through the German VDI standard, and observe that the automatic high dynamic range is added. Modeling effectiveness of scope techniques. Since the 3D point cloud technology is converted from 2D image information to 3D point cloud information, there are special requirements on image quality and it is easily affected by the environment and light sources. This research solves the overexposure problem through the proposed automated high dynamic range technology (HDR) and eliminates human factors, combined with structured light and stereo vision technology (SV), can reconstruct Three-dimensional point cloud data of the object to be measured.
The principle of HDR is to use image synthesis methods with different exposure times and apply this to the captured images. Since the use of HDR requires multiple exposure time parameters, and the choice of exposure time parameters is particularly important. Therefore, this research adds an automated method to calculate the required exposure time through a program, and completely eliminates manual control factors. . This research solves the problem of undetectable measurement due to overexposure and eliminates human operation factors. Aiming at the result of using automated high dynamic range technology, the German standard VDI 2634 is evaluated through the German standard VDI 2634 to observe the modeling effect after solving the problem. In the evaluation experiment, a total of three sets of experiments are performed, and each set of experiments will be measured five times. In the case of a working distance of 400 mm, a focal length of 16 mm, a depth of field of 150 mm, and a field of view of 360 mm × 260 mm, the XYZ axis resolution can reach 0.1 mm, and the accuracy can reach -0.15 mm ~ 0.1 mm. Up to 0.08 mm. |
