| 摘要: | 本論文係以個案銀行分行單位作為研究對象，分析個案銀行分支機構效率值變化，並探討低利環境利差縮減對分行績效的影響。利用該行34家分行 2018年至2020年的營運資料，
第一階段採用資料包絡法(Data Envelopment Analysis , DEA)，探討個案銀行分行經營效率，研究結果發現有七成以上分行處於「規模報酬遞增」狀態，表示在現有產出項目下，沒有達到規模效益，應可調整擴大經營規模，同時增加業務量，藉此提升個案銀行整體經營效率及績效。
第二階段再以Tobit 迴歸分析法，探討對經營效率之影響因素，研究結果發現「存放利差」對分行技術效率呈現顯著正向關係，應可調整營運模式差異性，規劃異於同業商品，以因應低利環境利差縮減影響提升分行經營效率。
第三階段以信合社改制銀行為單位作為研究對象，與個案銀行分行採用相同研究方法比照分析趨勢，探討同質性銀行經營效率及影響因素，研究結果發現「存放比率」對同質性銀行技術效率呈現顯著正向關係，應可調整獲利方向結構，強化非利差收入業務，以因應低利環境利差縮減獲利能力下降衝擊減緩。
綜上研究結果為減緩低利環境利差縮減影響，個案銀行可在現有之基礎上調整營運模式差異性、獲利方向結構、用戶體驗之優化整合、開發新的業務等，同時朝向擴大營業規模，以提升分行經營效率及獲利能力。;This study uses 34 branches of case bank as the study object, this study aims to evaluate its efficiency changes, and discuss the impact of interest rate spread reduction on the efficiency of bank’s branches in the low rate environment. By using the dataset of 34 branches in case bank for the period from 2018 to 2020, we study following three stages
1. Stage One: Apply the data envelopment analysis for measuring the operating performance and efficiency of bank branches. From empirical results, above 70% of the branches are in a state of increasing returns of scale, which indicates that under current output level, bank branches did not reach economic benefits. In order to enhance overall operating efficiency and achieve optimal returns of scale, the results suggest that most of the branches should expand its scale of operation, meanwhile, increase the amount of bank services.
2. Stage Two: focus on examining factors that affect operating efficiency with the Tobit regression model. According to the case study, variable “deposit and loan spreads” has positive significant influence on technical efficiency. The bank’s branches should be able to adjust their operating strategy and product differentiation, in order to improve the performance in the low interest rate and spread reduction era.
3. Stage Three: uses banks reorganized according to credit cooperations as study object, also, adopts same method as case bank in phase one and two. Based on the empirical results, variable “deposit and loan ratio” has positive significant influence on technical efficiency. So as to react to the impact of low interest rate and spread reduction, adjusting capital structure and strengthen non-spread-income business should be an effective strategy.
According to previous discussion, our goal is to slow down the impact of reduction of interest rate margin and enhance bank branches’ efficiency and earning power. For example, case bank can diversify its management model, adjust its structure of earning power, optimize and integrate user experience, and develop new business services based on present level and at the same time, towards expanding business scale. |
