具有多層級孔隙率和良好定制形態的多層級孔洞碳材料 (HPCM) 是生物傳感器、電催化和超級電容器中電化學應用的理想選擇。與其他合成策略相比，嵌段共聚物 (BCP) 的自組裝提供了製備 HPCM 的通用平台。然而，具有多層級孔洞尺寸和明確形態的 HPCM 的可調控製備仍然是一個巨大的挑戰。在這項研究中，我們發表了一種簡便的合成方式，通過聚苯乙烯-嵌段-聚（乙烯）PS-b-PEO/多巴胺（DA）在 THF/H2O 共溶劑中的可調控自組裝來製造多層級孔洞碳材料。介孔的形態是通過微調 PS-b-PEO 和多巴胺在強酸性 THF/H2O 共溶劑中的共組裝來定制的。透過在氨氣環境下溶劑退火的方式，使多巴胺進行聚合，進而產生巨觀相分離以生成(percolating)巨孔。隨後熱裂解從混合物中選擇性地去除 PS-b-PEO 產生多層級孔洞碳材料。在本研究中，我們旨在了解 PS-b-PEO/DA 在THF/H2O 共溶劑中的自組裝行為以及影響溶液狀態、乾燥塊材和碳化粉末形態的因素。通過氧還原反應 (ORR) 建立了形態、過程和電化學性能之間的相關性。;Hierarchically porous carbon materials (HPCMs) with multiscale porosity and well-tailor morphology are favorable for many applications such as electrochemical biosensors, electrocatalysis and supercapacitors. In comparison with other synthetic techniques, the self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) provides a flexible way to prepare HPCMs. However, controllable preparation of HPCMs composed of hierarchically porous sizes and well-defined morphologies still remains a great challenge. In this study, we report a facile synthetic route to fabricate hierarchically porous carbon materials by controlled self-assembly of polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene) PS-b-PEO/dopamine(DA) in THF/H2O cosolvents. The morphology of mesopores is tailored by finely-tuned the co-assembly of PS-b-PEO and dopamine in a strongly acidic THF/H2O co-solvent. Dopamine polymerization induced by solvent annealing in NH4OH vapor enables solid-liquid macrophase separation to form percolating macropores. Subsequent pyrolysis to selective remove the PS-b-PEO from the mixture produces hierarchically porous carbon materials. In this study, we aim to understand the self-assembly behavior of PS-b-PEO/DA in THF/H2O cosolvents and factors that influenced the morphologies in the solution state, dried bulks, and carbonized powders. A correlation between morphologies, processes, and electrochemical performance through oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is established.
