| 摘要: | 因近兩年來疫情的影響，導致外籍勞工引進臺灣工作受到極大的衝擊，對於工程施工階段需求有一部份人力配置會是由外籍勞工搭配本土師傅協同施工，對於原先專業師傅人力就已經產生斷層的工程業，模板、鋼筋、混凝土等工項施作往往不能如原先期限內完成施工，加上少子化的影響、行業環境的問題，導致大部分年輕人都不願意從事這行業，因此在工班人力有限的情況下，人力成本費用就會比原先高出許多。故本研究希望以有限的人力及合理的分配下達到最大的效率，並節省不必要的成本導致人力浪費。
透過最佳化模式進行工作上的排程，並且在模式中建構施工實務上工項的順序安排、工程期限、人員薪資等條件下，建立出數學模式，並且以Lingo規劃軟體結合Excel擬定基礎的參數值進行求解，本模式以某桃園區某建案進行案例測試，並置入此數學模式進行求解，且與人工排程數據進行比對，不論是最小成本、以及求解的時間，本最佳化數學模式都較人工經驗排程優良，且透過工班薪資成本、工班施作效率做敏感度分析的研究都可使決策者安排工作有更大的優化、幫助，以達到最小成本之目的。
;Due to the impact of the pandemic in the recent two years, the introduction of foreign workers to work in Taiwan has been subjected to the tremendous effects. During project construction, part of the manpower configuration involves joint construction by foreign and local master workers. For the construction industry that is experienced professional master worker manpower shortages, items such as formwork, reinforcement bar, concrete, etc., often fail to be completed before scheduled deadlines. On top of it, due to low birth rates and industrial environment-related problems, most young people are unwilling to engage in this line of work. Therefore, with limited manpower, manpower costs are much higher than before. With little manpower and reasonable distribution, this study is intended to achieve maximum efficiency and save unnecessary costs resulting in staffing waste.Work was scheduled through the optimization model. The sequential arrangement of work items, project deadlines, worker salaries, and other conditions in actual constructions was constructed in the model, based on which a mathematical model was established. In addition, using the Lingo planning software combined with Excel, the basic parameters were formulated to derive a solution. In this model, a construction project in the Taoyuan area was adopted for case testing. The mathematical model was applied to obtain the solution. It was then compared with the manually scheduled data. Whether in terms of the minimum costs or time needed to derivate a solution, this optimization mathematical model was superior to the manual experience-based scheduling. Furthermore, studies involving a sensitivity analysis on worker salary costs and construction efficiency can optimize and assist in the decision maker’s work arrangements, thereby achieving the purpose of cost minimization. |
