為搶救人民之生命、財產經常在報章媒體上看到消防人員奮不顧身進出危險的災害現場，近年來發生了幾起重大之消防人員傷亡事件，是台灣消防史上最慘痛的悲劇。雖說英勇是消防人員的本色，但安全應該為最高守則，某縣市政府消防局特辦理消防人員火場安全訓練，要求所屬同仁必須通過訓練後透過反覆練習內化為習慣、本能，在遭遇緊急狀況時，能夠從容做出應變，安全地離開危險環境。但每年度都有新進人員加入，此時之經驗傳授顯得重要，必須由知識及經驗豐富之師資帶領後輩，建立安全文化。基此，為解決師資之安排問題，發展一套科學模式作為最佳之編排方式。 本研究以某縣市政府消防局為例設定既有之條件及限制，以混合整數規劃建構數學模式，利用LINGO 17.0版本軟體執行運算，搭配Microsoft Excel試算表匯出求解，得到最佳化之編排結果，再與人工編排師資方法比較，結果顯示除可大幅縮短編排之時間，並能縮小各類教官授課時數之差異，大大地增加公平性；另透過變更相關重要參數來進行敏感度分析，了解各類教官因授課內容之差異而導致實際授課時數不同，未來除提供決策者更有利的判斷，亦鼓勵後輩多多充實自我，以傳承良好文化。 ;News reports on firefighters scrambling to get in and out of dangerous sites of disaster to save lives and properties have been commonplace. Some of the most tragic firefighter casualties in the history of Taiwan have occurred in recent years. Although bravery is a defining characteristic of firefighters, safety should be their highest code of conduct. The fire department of a local government in Taiwan has specially required their firefighters to pass fire safety training and internalize safety responses into habits and instincts through repeated practice, enabling them to respond calmly to emergencies and leave the dangerous environment safely. However, new firefighters are recruited every year, making the passing on of experience paramount. Knowledgeable and experienced firefighters must guide new firefighters to establish a safety culture. Therefore, a scientific model has been developed to solve problems related to the scheduling of firefighting instructors. In this study, a set of existing conditions and limitations was established according to the example demonstrated by the fire department of a local government in Taiwan. The mixed integer programming were employed to construct a mathematical model. Lingo 17.0 was applied to calculate the optimal schedule, using Microsoft Excel to export the solutions. Compared with manual instructor scheduling, this method shortened the scheduling time and the differences between instructors on the number of hours they teach considerably, ensuring fair allocation of instruction work. Relevant key parameters were changed for sensitivity analysis, which revealed that instructors differ in their actual teaching hours because of the differences in their teaching content. The results of this study provide a basis for decision makers to assess the scheduling of firefighting instructors, to motivate new firefighters to improve their safety-related conduct, and to ensure a safe firefighting culture.
