本研究使用美國懷俄明州膨潤土(MX-80)及日本山形縣膨潤土(K-V1)來進行沖蝕及沉積實驗，透過每日圖像記錄與濁度量測來瞭解MX-80及K-V1膨潤土，於不同實驗因子下的質量損失及徑向擴張量的變化。沉積實驗為透過調整不同角度，來比較不同傾角下質量損失及徑向擴張量的變化；沖蝕實驗則透過水流的流動，加上不同水化學條件及裂隙傾斜角度來觀察膨潤土的質量損失及徑向擴張量的變化。 於水平沖蝕的研究結果表明，當水化學在較高的陽離子強度下，膨潤土的擴散雙層受到抑制，使其趨於絮凝結構而使沖蝕質量損失有顯著的降低；於較小的裂隙內寬下，對於沖蝕所造成的質量損失也有所下降。K-V1膨潤土相較於MX-80膨潤土在副礦物環的發展上較為快速，使K-V1膨潤土在沖蝕發生後因副礦物環形成的濾層，抑制了後續的質量損失。 沉積實驗結果發現隨著裂隙傾斜角度的增大，因重力沉積所造成的質量損失會有所增加，而K-V1膨潤土因其飽和過程中顆粒間的距離相比MX-80膨潤土來的大，使其趨於分散結構，因此在重力作用下的質量損失較為顯著。 傾角45°沖蝕實驗結果，於去離子水環境中，兩種膨潤土都有明顯的質量損失，但在較高的陽離子強度6 mM環境下，即無明顯因重力與水流剪切力交互作用下所產生的質量損失，可見地下水中陽離子強度對膨潤土傾角沖蝕質量損失具有關鍵的影響；而傾角60°沖蝕實驗結果，於陽離子強度1 mM及3 mM環境下，其質量損失與傾角45°相比皆有增加的趨勢。 ;This research using Wyoming Bentonite (MX-80) and Yamagata Prefecture Bentonite (K-V1) in erosion and sedimentation experiments to understand changes in mass loss and radial expansion under various experimental factors.This was achieved through daily image recording and turbidity measurements. sedimentation experiments were conducted by adjusting angles to compare mass loss and radial expansion at different angles. Erosion experiments, on the other hand, compared variations in mass loss and radial expansion under different water chemistry conditions and incline angles, as influenced by the flow of water. Results from the horizontal erosion study indicated that at higher cationic strengths, the diffuse double layer of the bentonite was affected, leading to a flocculation structure that slowed mass loss ; at a smaller crack width, the mass loss caused by erosion is also reduced. Moreover, K-V1 bentonite exhibited a faster development of secondary mineral rings compared to MX-80 bentonite. Consequently, K-V1 erosion was reduced due to the filtering layer formed by the secondary mineral rings, which inhibited subsequent mass loss. The sedimentation experiment results revealed that with the change in the fracture incline angle, the mass loss caused by gravitational sedimentation increased. The interparticle distance during the saturation process of K-V1 bentonite was larger compared to that of MX-80, leading to a more dispersed structure. Therefore, the mass loss under gravity was more significant in K-V1 bentonite.Findings from the 45° erosion experiment showed that in a high cationic strength 6mM environment, there was no noticeable mass loss due to the interaction of gravity and water shear forces. This highlights the significant influence of water chemistry on bentonite mass loss ; The results of the erosion test with an inclination angle of 60° show that in the environment of cation strength 1mM and 3mM, compared with the inclination angle of 45°, the mass loss tends to increase.
