地方政府公共托育服務委外之個案研究：以新北市幼兒托育職業工會為例;The Study on Outsourcing Public Childcare Services by Local Government: A Case Study of the New Taipei City Childcare Professional Union

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Title:	地方政府公共托育服務委外之個案研究：以新北市幼兒托育職業工會為例;The Study on Outsourcing Public Childcare Services by Local Government: A Case Study of the New Taipei City Childcare Professional Union
Authors:	楊敏雄;Yang, Min-Shiung
Contributors:	法律與政府研究所
Keywords:	公共托育服務;職業工會;SWOT分析
Date:	2023-07-13
Issue Date:	2024-09-19 15:53:11 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	國立中央大學
Abstract:	我國目前面臨少子女化與高齡化的現象，因而造成社會人口、勞動人口等結構改變，地方政府首當其衝，其中又以推動托育公共化為主要策略。本研究係透過倡導托育公共化的政府單位（委託方）、職業工會（代理方），以及家長（使用方）等三方看法，試圖了解不同於其他非營利組織（學校、協會等）的職業工會如何在新北市的公共托育服務佔得一席之地，並透過SWOT分析尋找出職業工會未來在公共托育服務中如何調整經營模式的可行方案。本研究採用質性、個案的研究取向，雖然目前新北市已設立超過120家公共托育中心，但多數承辦單位以協會、學會等居多，職業工會部分僅幼兒托育職業工會1家已承接相關公共托育服務，故本研究採用質性、個案的研究取向。透過三方訪談方式蒐集資料，將其訪談資料謄寫逐字稿後整理並進行分析，從中了解各方對於職業工會承辦公共托育服務的優勢、困境，據以提出以下結論：第一，委託方認為托育公共化是民意首長回應民眾期盼的手段之一，對於公共托育服務，應建立公私協力夥伴的信任，因為最重要的是以幼兒安全為最優先考量，這些是再多的契約監督機制也無法替代的。第二，代理方認為適合投入公共托育的條件首先是組織具有「使命」，再者是本身內在優勢，諸如托育專業、人才培育、組織管理等。而困境則是對於政府採購的流程及標案內容的不熟悉，可能造成財務上的損失，以及大環境因素（少子女化、就業環境）所需面對的窘境。第三，使用方則認為公共托育服務對於現今雙薪家庭、小家庭型態非常重要，有其需求市場。而且在公共托育服務平價、友善政策下，相較一般托育中心性價比較高。最後，以訪談所蒐集的資料，對於職業工會進行SWOT分析並提供相關建議，以期做為未來新北市其他職業工會進入公共托育服務的參考。;Our country is currently facing the phenomena of low birth rate and aging population, which have caused changes in the population structure and labor force. Local governments are particularly affected, and promoting public childcare has become a major strategy. This study aims to understand how occupational unions, different from other non-profit organizations such as schools and associations, occupy a space in public childcare services in New Taipei City from the perspectives of the government (the commissioning party), occupational unions (the agency), and parents (the user). Through SWOT analysis, feasible plans are proposed for how occupational unions can adjust their business models for public childcare services in the future. This study adopts a qualitative and case-oriented research approach. Although there are already over 120 public childcare centers in New Taipei City, most of the contracting units are associations and academic institutions. Only one occupational union, the New Taipei City Childcare Professional Union, has taken on related public childcare services. Therefore, this study adopts a qualitative and case-oriented research approach. Through three-party interviews, data is collected, transcribed, and analyzed to understand each party′s advantages and difficulties regarding occupational unions′ involvement in public childcare services. The following conclusions are drawn. First, the commissioning party believes that publicizing childcare is one of the means for responding to public expectations and building trust between public and private partners is crucial. The safety of children is the most important and cannot be replaced with any contractual oversight mechanisms. Second, the agency believes that an organization with a "mission" and inherent advantages such as professional childcare, talent cultivation, and organizational management is suitable for investing in public childcare. The difficulties are that they may not be familiar with the government′s procurement process and bid content, which may cause financial losses and challenges in the overall environment (low birth rate and employment environment). Third, the user believes that public childcare services are crucial for today′s dual-income and small family structures and has a market demand. Under the policy of low-cost and friendly public childcare services, public childcare centers are more cost-effective than other childcare centers. Finally, by analyzing the data collected from interviews, SWOT analysis is conducted for occupational unions, and relevant suggestions are provided as a reference for other occupational unions in entering public childcare services in New Taipei City in the future.
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