| 摘要: | 天麻Gastrodia elata為蘭花的根莖，是被廣泛接受用於治療和保健的中藥材，在中國的許多藥典中都有記載。藥用天麻是植物天麻根莖的乾燥塊，形狀為長橢圓，味道甘甜。在中國主要分布於雲南和四川。天麻對人體各項生理功能的保健效果已被證實且有非常多理論依據，如袪風通絡，治療驚厥、抽搐、眩暈、頭痛、肢體麻木和風濕等功效。天麻中的各項活性物質以多酚化合物最為突出，含量高且具有保健效果。因人們的保健意識日益增強，人們對天麻的需求和使用也愈發頻繁。而由微生物發酵製成的後發酵天麻，使得微生物與天麻的活性物質顯著增強。依照特定的菌株以不同的發酵條件，可製備出有特殊生物活性的後發酵天麻。乳酸菌的發展相當悠久，其具備顯著的功能性，是作為益生菌的潛力菌種，且具有代謝生產GABA及多酚物質的能力。本研究的目的在於利用布氏乳桿菌（Lactobacillus buchneri BCE119151）發酵天麻，並透過最適化發酵條件及各項發酵參數做探討，來達到最適化生產GABA以及提升其活性物質。
本研究將探討各項發酵條件—天麻粉末的添加量、不同的碳源及添加量、不同的氮源及添加量、MSG的濃度以及起始pH值，並依照菌種的生長活性和生產GABA的活性等參數進行最適化討論。本研究成功以最適化發酵條件—添加3%天麻粉末、3%蔗糖、6%MRSN medium、9%MSG、起始pH值6.0及發酵溫度37°C在發酵後達到GABA產量32.492g/L、單位MSG對GABA轉化率YG/M0.62g/g、最大菌落數VCCmax9.477logCFU/mL、單位菌重對GABA轉化率YG/VCC3.428g/g、總多酚含量775.196mgGA/L。綜合上述結果，L. buchneri BCE119151菌種結合天麻進行發酵，可以發展出具有高生物活性的中藥發酵成品，並且可以將其應用於相關保健食品及飲品的開發。;Gastrodia elata, the rhizome of the orchid, is widely accepted as a medicinal herb for treatment and health care, and is documented in many pharmacopoeias in China. Medicinal gastrodia is a dried block of the rhizome of the plant Gastrodia gastrodia, which is oblong in shape and has a sweet taste. In China, it is mainly found in Yunnan and Sichuan. The health care effect of gastrodia on various physiological functions of the human body has been proven and has many theoretical basis, such as the effect of treating convulsions, dizziness, headache, limb numbness and rheumatism. Polyphenolic compounds are the most prominent active substances in Gastrodia, with high content and health effects. Due to people′s increasing awareness of health care, people′s demand and use of gastrodia are becoming more and more frequent. The post-fermented gastrodia made by microbial fermentation significantly enhanced the active substances of microorganisms and gastrodia. According to the specific strain with different fermentation conditions, post-fermented gastrodia with special biological activity can be prepared. Lactic acid bacteria have a long history of development, and they have remarkable functionality, are potential strains as probiotics, and have the ability to metabolize and produce GABA and polyphenols. The purpose of this study was to ferment Gastrodia by using Lactobacillus bruchneri BCE119151, and to explore the optimal fermentation conditions and various fermentation parameters to achieve the optimal production of GABA and enhance its active substances.
This study will explore various fermentation conditions - the addition amount of Gastrodia powder, different carbon sources and addition amounts, different nitrogen sources and addition amounts, MSG concentration and starting pH value, and according to the growth activity and GABA production of the bacteria Activity and other parameters are discussed for optimization. This study successfully optimized the fermentation conditions - adding 3% Gastrodia elata powder, 3% sucrose, 6% MRSN medium, 9% MSG, an initial pH value of 6.0 and a fermentation temperature of 37°C to achieve a GABA production of 32.492g/L after fermentation. , GABA conversion rate per unit MSG YG/M0.62g/g, maximum colony number VCCmax9.477logCFU/mL, GABA conversion rate per unit bacterial weight YG/VCC3.428g/g, total polyphenol content 775.196mgGA/L. Based on the above results, the L. buchneri BCE119151 strain combined with Gastrodia elata for fermentation can develop fermented traditional Chinese medicine products with high biological activity, and can be applied to the development of related health foods and beverages. |
