不同醇類製成之丙烯酸酯對水泥基材的改質成效研究

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謝孟勳(Meng-Hsun Hsieh) 查詢紙本館藏

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土木工程學系

論文名稱

不同醇類製成之丙烯酸酯對水泥基材的改質成效研究
(A study on preparation and results of the PAE modifying cementitious materials with different alcohol.)

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摘要(中)

高分子聚合物近年來廣泛應用於水泥基材以改善其性能，然其成效上仍有工作性差、耐久性不佳及成本較高等缺點，使得聚合物發展受限。因此，如何研製新型聚合物以克服前述不利因素，將有助於擴大聚合物改質水泥基材之應用範圍。
本研究在考量成本及施工條件影響最小情況下，透過有利工作性之丙烯酸聚合物與乙醇、乙二醇、二乙二醇、月桂醇及硬脂醇等5種醇類進行酯化反應。在考量聚合物組成成分、劑量的添加及相容性情況下，製作丙烯酸酯聚合物(Polyacrylic ester , PAE)，並針對丙烯酸酯組成成分及添加量對聚合物改質水泥基材的流動性、物理性質、力學性質、耐久性及孔隙結構等方面進行評估。綜合評估試驗結果，乙二醇反應生成之丙烯酸酯聚合物，其改質成效為5種醇類最佳，且乙二醇反應生成之丙烯酸酯聚合物又以酸、醇莫爾比為0.2時，成效最佳。新拌性質方面，隨聚合物添加量增加，水泥基材流動性亦隨之增加；硬固性質則以聚合物添加量0.1%為最佳，抗壓強度相較控制組可提升7~12%，吸水率、抗彎強度、黏結強度亦較控制組優良。此外，快速氯離子穿透試驗結果顯示丙烯酸酯聚合物的添加降低了水泥基材的氯離子穿透量； SEM觀測也顯示硬固後的聚合物改質水泥基材於孔隙結構形成薄膜，有助於提升混凝土之耐久性。但由於本研究在應用上，僅進行特定試驗及針對Ⅰ型波特蘭水泥進行改質，因此仍需更多資料，以評估其整體性質。

摘要(英)

In recent years, polymer has been used for modifying cementitious materials widely in order to improve its performance. However, the polymer-modified cementitious materials still have many shortcomings, such as low workability, poor durability and high costs. In order to improve the above-mentioned defects of the polymer-modified cementitious materials, studying and making a new kind of polymer is important.
Taking the expense and the construction condition into consideration and making the least influence on the research, we used different ethanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, lauryl alcohol and stearyl alcohol to carry on the etherification in this research. The Polyacrylic ester (PAE) was made under the consideration of the components, the dosage increase and the compatible situation. The polymer-modified cementitious materials were executed to evaluate the properties of flowability, mechanics, durability and pore structure with various PAE composition and dosages. The test results showed that the Polyacrylic ester (PAE) which was made from five species of ethylene glycol had the best effect, and that the optimum conditions of the reaction were determined according to the molar ratio of acrylic acid to ethylene glycol by 1: 0.2. As far as the workability was concerned, the flowability was increased by adding the amount of PAE. As to the hardened property, if PAE was dosed with 0.1% by weight of cement, the compressive strength of polymer-modified cementitious materials could improve up to 7％~12％ of the OPC. The polymer-modified cementitious materials would make better water absorption, flexural strength and adhesion strength. Besides, the penetration of polymer modified concrete was lowered by adding RCPT. SEM micrographs showed that hardened Polymer formed the film layers in the cement-based composites. This sealed structure helped to improve the durability of the cementitious materials. But in this research, we only used typeⅠPortland cement to proceed experiments, so it still needed more information to evaluate the whole effects.

關鍵字(中)

★ 丙烯酸酯聚合物
★ 水泥基材
★ 酯化反應

關鍵字(英)

★ esterification
★ cementitious materials
★ Polyacrylic ester

論文目次

目錄
目錄 Ⅰ
圖目錄 Ⅳ
表目錄 Ⅵ
第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 1
1.3 研究內容 2
第二章文獻回顧 4
2.1 高分子聚合物發展概況 4
2.1.1 聚合物歷史發展沿革 4
2.1.2 聚合物砂漿(混凝土)在國際上之發展 5
2.2 聚合物水泥複合材料類型 7
2.2.1 聚合物應用類型 7
2.2.2 聚合物改質砂漿及混凝土之聚合物類型 9
2.3 聚合物反應機理 12
2.3.1 聚合物與水泥的物理性反應 12
2.3.2 聚合物與水泥的化學性反應 12
2.3.3 聚合物改質機理模式 14
2.4聚合物改質之作用 16
2.5 丙烯酸系聚合物發展 18
2.5.1 丙烯酸系聚合物與水泥之改質機理 18
2.5.2 丙烯酸系聚合物優勢 19
2.5.3 水溶性聚合物摻量對改質效用之限制 20
2.5.4 丙烯酸系相關文獻概述 21
第三章試驗計畫 26
3.1 試驗材料 26
3.2 主要試驗設備 32
3.3 實驗流程與變數 38
3.3.1 試驗流程 38
3.3.2 試驗變數 40
3.4 試驗項目及方法 43
3.4.1 聚合物基本試驗 43
3.4.2 水泥漿試驗 45
3.4.3 水泥砂漿試驗 46
3.4.4 混凝土試驗 49
第四章結果與討論 53
4.1 聚合物基本性質 53
4.1.1 聚合物酯化率 53
4.1.2 聚合物比重、烘乾殘餘物含量及pH值 54
4.2 丙烯酸酯聚合物改質水泥漿體性質 55
4.2.1 新拌情形 55
4.2.2 改質水泥漿工作性 56
4.2.3 凝結時間 67
4.2.4 液態丙烯酸酯改質水泥漿體硬固性質 69
4.2.6 酯化率與抗壓強度關係 74
4.2.7 丙烯酸酯狀態及pH值對改質水泥漿體抗壓強度、凝結時間影響 75
4.2.8 丙烯酸酯聚合物改質水泥漿體性質試驗小結 77
4.3丙烯酸酯聚合物改質水泥砂漿性質 79
4.3.1 砂漿流度值 79
4.3.2 吸水率 79
4.3.3 抗彎強度 82
4.3.4 抗壓強度 83
4.3.5 黏結強度 85
4.3.6 乾縮(Drying shrinkage) 86
4.3.7 水泥砂漿健性試驗 88
4.3.8 丙烯酸酯聚合物改質水泥砂體性質試驗小結 89
4.4丙烯酸酯聚合物改質混凝土性質 91
4.4.1 新拌性質 91
4.4.2 抗壓強度 92
4.4.3 非破壞檢測試驗 93
4.4.4 快速氯離子穿透試驗(RCPT) 96
4.5 改質水泥基材微觀分析 97
第五章結論與建議 101
參考文獻 104

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指導教授

李釗(Chau Lee)

審核日期

2008-7-14

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