以微陽極導引電鍍法於氯化膽鹼離子液體中析鍍鎳之研究

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林宗漢(Zong-Han Lin) 查詢紙本館藏

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機械工程學系

論文名稱

以微陽極導引電鍍法於氯化膽鹼離子液體中析鍍鎳之研究
(Micro-Anode Guided Electroplating of Nickel from the Bath of Choline Chloride Based Ionic Liquids)

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摘要(中)

本論文主旨在於:自含鎳離子之乙二醇或尿素之氯化膽鹼離子液體鍍浴系統中，利用微陽極導引法進行鎳金屬之微電鍍研究。藉由改變析鍍參數(如: 溫度、偏壓、微陽極之起鍍間距、鍍液成分、硼酸的添加與否)等，討論其對析鍍行為之影響，除了以掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察析鍍物之形貌外，進一步利用析鍍電流監測，以及採用有限元素法之電場模擬等資料，從電場強度、電荷交換及質傳速率等差異，來理解離子溶液中微電鍍鎳之行爲。
隨著溫度提升，導致鍍液黏度下降及離子擴散係數提高，使鍍浴中質傳效果增高。改變鍍浴成份時(提高鍍液中之乙二醇比例)，將可提升鍍浴導電率，增大析鍍電流，因而加速電荷之交換。微陽極之起鍍間距增加，會導致電場強度減弱，降低析鍍電流，減緩電荷交換速率。偏壓增加則會提高電場強度，增高析鍍電流，加速電荷交換。添加硼酸則可防止因鍍浴pH升高，而在析鍍時生長出氫氧化鎳。

摘要(英)

Micro-anode guided electroplating (MAGE) of nickel from the bath of ionic liquid system such as choline chloride, including choline chloride/urea and choline chloride/ethylene glycol, has been investigated. Experimental parameters such as bath temperature, electrical bias, gap between two electrodes, mole ratio of ethylene glycol to choline chloride in the bath, addition of boric acid in the bath were concerned to explore their influence on the morphology of the Ni-deposit. Electron scanning microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the
morphology of the deposits. The current in the depositing process was monitored. Finite element analysis was employed to comprehend the electroplating mechanism of MAGE in the ionic liquid system by virtue of
electric field strength, electron transfer process and the rate of mass transfer.
With increasing bath temperature, the viscosity of the electrolyte decreased. The decrease of viscosity results in diffusion enhancement of the electro-active species thus facilitating their mass transport. The conductivity of the system was found to increase with increasing the ratio of ethylene glycol to choline chloride in the bath. The strength of electric field will reduce if the initial gap between the electrodes is extended or less electrical bias was employed. The bath involved boric acid tends to maintain a constant pH value and the possible formation of nickel hydroxide could be prevented.

關鍵字(中)

★ 氯化膽鹼
★ 離子液體
★ 微陽極導引電鍍法
★ 鎳

關鍵字(英)

★ micro anode guided electroplating
★ ionic liquid
★ nickel
★ choline chloride

論文目次

中文摘要 …………………………………………………………… I
英文摘要 …………………………………………………………… II
誌謝 …………………………………………………………… III
目錄 …………………………………………………………… IV
圖目錄 …………………………………………………………… VIII
表目錄 …………………………………………………………… XII
壹、簡介……………………………………………………… 1
1-1 研究背景………………………………………………… 1
1-2 微陽極導引電鍍法……………………………………… 2
1-3 離子液體………………………………………………… 3
1-4 研究動機與目的………………………………………… 4
貮、文獻回顧及原理學說…………………………………… 6
2-1 文獻回顧………………………………………………… 6
2-1-1 微電析之國外發展……………………………………… 6
2-1-2 微電析之國內發展……………………………………… 8
2-1-3 離子液體之國外發展…………………………………… 10
2-1-4 離子液體之國內發展…………………………………… 12
2-2 電鍍原理………………………………………………… 13
2-2-1 直流電電鍍……………………………………………… 13
2-2-2 物質移動之途徑………………………………………… 14
2-2-3 電荷交換程序…………………………………………… 17
2-3 微陽極導引電鍍概說…………………………………… 17
2-3-1 微陽極導引電鍍原理…………………………………… 17
2-3-2 微電極之特性…………………………………………… 18
2-3-3 微電極之限制…………………………………………… 20
2-3-4 微電極情況下濃度極化之影響………………………… 21
2-4 離子液體性質概說……………………………………… 21
2-4-1 離子液體之熔點………………………………………… 21
2-4-2 離子液體之親水性……………………………………… 22
2-4-3 離子液體之電位窗……………………………………… 22
2-4-4 離子液體之選用………………………………………… 22
參、實驗設備與方法………………………………………… 24
3-1 鍍浴組成………………………………………………… 24
3-1-1 藥品……………………………………………………… 24
3-1-2 調配方法………………………………………………… 24
3-2 電極製作………………………………………………… 25
3-2-1 微陽極製作流程………………………………………… 25
3-2-2 陰極試片製作流程……………………………………… 25
3-3 實驗方法………………………………………………… 26
3-3-1 實驗流程………………………………………………… 26
3-3-2 微電鍍實驗……………………………………………… 26
3-4 儀器設備………………………………………………… 27
3-4-1 實驗儀器………………………………………………… 27
3-4-2 檢測儀器………………………………………………… 29
肆、結果……………………………………………………… 31
4-1 沉積物之瘤狀物與表面顆粒之定義…………………… 31
4-2 氯化膽鹼/尿素離子液體之析鍍結果………………… 31
4-3 氯化膽鹼/乙二醇離子液體之析鍍結果……………… 31
4-3-1 不同溫度下之析鍍結果………………………………… 31
4-3-1-1 鍍浴溫度對沉積物成長之影響…………………… 32
4-3-1-2 鍍浴溫度對沉積物形貌之影響…………………… 32
4-3-2 不同偏壓下之析鍍結果………………………………… 32
4-3-2-1 析鍍偏壓對沉積物成長之影響…………………… 32
4-3-2-2 析鍍偏壓對沉積物形貌之影響…………………… 33
4-3-3 不同兩極間距之析鍍結果……………………………… 33
4-3-4 不同鍍液組成之析鍍結果……………………………… 34
4-3-5 鍍液中添加硼酸之析鍍結果…………………………… 34
4-4 析鍍電場模擬…………………………………………… 35
4-4-1 氯化膽鹼/尿素配方中析鍍鎳之電場模擬…………… 35
4-4-2 氯化膽鹼/乙二醇配方中析鍍鎳之電場模擬………… 35
伍、討論……………………………………………………… 36
5-1 溫度對析鍍之影響……………………………………… 36
5-2 偏壓及間距對析鍍之影響……………………………… 38
5-3 鍍浴組成對析鍍之影響………………………………… 39
5-4 添加硼酸對析鍍之影響………………………………… 39
陸、結論……………………………………………………… 41
柒、未來展望………………………………………………… 42
捌、參考文獻………………………………………………… 43

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指導教授

林景崎(Jing-Chie Lin)

審核日期

2008-7-15

推文