甲醇製備氫氣在薄膜反應器之模擬

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張孝煒(Shiau-Wei Jang) 查詢紙本館藏

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化學工程與材料工程學系

論文名稱

甲醇製備氫氣在薄膜反應器之模擬
(Simulation of membrane reactor for methanol preparation hydrogen)

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摘要(中)

薄膜反應器這個觀念，早在四十多年前便已產生。其原理主要為在傳統柱狀流反應器中加了一層薄膜，使得反應器同時具有反應和分離之功能。如此可以提高反應的轉化率及減少分離成本。本文主要是以數值模擬，來探討薄膜反應器(membrane reactor)之特性。將觸媒填充在管層的觸媒填充式薄膜反應器中改變反應進料層(feed-side)和滲透層(permeate-side)壓差、進料流量、沖洗氣體流量、薄膜厚度及氧醇比等操作條件，來暸解這些操作條件對於反應的影響。以有限差分法有效率地計算反應器內部濃度及流動情形，增進我們對甲醇蒸汽重組(steam reforming of methanol)與甲醇部分氧化(partial oxidation of methanol)反應在本反應器中反應進行的瞭解。

摘要(英)

The idea of membrane reactor was proposed forty years ago. A membrane is inserted into a traditional reactor to make reaction and separation simultaneously occur in the reactor which can improve the conversion and reduce the separation cost. This study utilizes the finite difference method to simulate steam reforming of methanol and partial oxidation of methanol in inert membrane reactor with catalytic pellets in the feed-side chamber (IMRCF). The influence of operating variables, such as pressure, feed flow rate, sweep gas flow rate, membrane thickness, O2/CH3OH ratio etc. on the performance of system is studied.

關鍵字(中)

★ 有限差分法
★ 甲醇部分氧化
★ 甲醇蒸汽重組
★ 薄膜反應器

關鍵字(英)

★ finite difference method
★ partial oxidation of methanol
★ steam reforming of methanol
★ membrane reactor

論文目次

目錄
目錄 i
圖目錄 iii
表目錄 vi
第1章緒論 1
第2章簡介及文獻回顧 6
2-1 薄膜的分離概念 6
2-2 文獻回顧 8
2-2-1 薄膜材質 9
2-2-2 反應分類 15
2-2-3 數值模擬 18
2-3 氣體在薄膜的質傳機制 20
2-4 降低氫氣逆滲透的方法 26
第3章理論及數值方法 30
3-1 基本假設 31
3-2 多成份系統中氣體分子擴散係數 33
3-3 統制方程式 39
3-4 數值方法與求解 56
第4章結果與討論 58
4-1 參數的引用 59
4-2 驗證結果 67
4-3 進料層和滲透層的壓差之影響 73
4-4 進料流量之影響 78
4-5 沖洗氣體流量之影響 83
4-6 薄膜厚度之影響 88
4-7 氧醇比之影響 93
4-8 結論 97
第5章未來方向 100
符號說明 102
參考文獻 107
圖目錄
1-1 Basic membrane separation unit 5
2-1 Back-permeation phenomenon of hydrogen occurring in a membrane reactor using palladium membrane 28
2-2 Three methods envisaged for depressing the back-permeation of hydrogen 29
3-1 The inert membrane reactor with catalyst in the feed-side (IMRCF) 32
3-2 Schematic cross-section of the membrane reactor 40
4-1 Cross-sectional view of the catalyst in the shell-side membrane reactor 61
4-2 Schematics of catalyst in the tube-side membrane reactor 64
4-3 Influence of reforming pressure on methanol conversion 70
4-4 Influence of reforming pressure on H2 recovery 71
4-5 Influence of flow rate of sweep gas on methanol conversion and H2 recovery 72
4-6 The effect of the reforming pressure on the methanol conversion in the IMRCF. [Pp=1atm,Qf 0=8.24*10-9kmol/s] 75
4-7 The effect of the reforming pressure on the H2 recovery in the IMRCF.[Pp=1atm,Qf0=8.24*10-9kmol/s] 76
4-8a The effect of the reforming pressure on the feed-side output flow rate (Qf)in the IMRCF. [Pp=1atm,Qf 0=8.24*10-9kmol/s] 77
4-8b The effect of the reforming pressure on the permeate-side output flow rate (Qp)in the IMRCF. [Pp=1atm,Qf 0=8.24*10-9kmol/s] 77
4-9 The effect of the dimensionless space time on the methanol conversion in the IMRCF. [Pf =4.5atm, Pp=1atm] 80
4-10 The effect of the dimensionless space time on the H2 recovery in the IMRCF.[Pf =4.5atm, Pp=1atm] 81
4-11a The effect of the dimensionless space time on the feed-side output flow rate (Qf) in the IMRCF. [Pf =4.5atm, Pp=1atm] 82
4-11b The effect of the dimensionless space time on the permeate-side output flow rate (Qp) in the IMRCF. [Pf =4.5atm, Pp=1atm] 82
4-12 The effect of the flow rate of sweep gas on the methanol conversion in the IMRCF. [Pf =4.5atm, Pp=1atm,Qf 0=8.24*10-9kmol/s 85
4-13 The effect of the flow rate of sweep gas on the H2 recovery in the IMRCF. [Pf =4.5atm, Pp=1atm,Qf 0=8.24*10-9kmol/s] 86
4-14a The effect of the flow rate of sweep gas on the feed-side output flow rate (Qf) in the IMRCF. [Pf =4.5atm, Pp=1atm,Qf 0=8.24*10-9kmol/s] 87
4-14b The effect of the flow rate of sweep gas on the permeate-side output flow rate (Qp) in the IMRCF. [Pf =4.5atm, Pp=1atm,Qf 0=8.24*10-9kmol/s]87
4-15 The effect of the thickness of the Pd-Ag membrane on the methanol conversion in the IMRCF. [Pf =4.5atm, Pp=1atm,Qf 0=8.24*10-9kmol/s] 90
4-16 The effect of the thickness of the Pd-Ag membrane on the H2 recovery in the IMRCF. [Pf =4.5atm, Pp=1atm,Qf 0=8.24*10-9kmol/s] 91
4-17a The effect of the thickness of the Pd-Ag membrane on the feed-side output flow rate (Qf) in the IMRCF. [Pf =4.5atm, Pp=1atm,Qf 0=8.24*10-9kmol/s] 92
4-17b The effect of the thickness of the Pd-Ag membrane on the permeate-side output flow rate (Qp) in the IMRCF. [Pf =4.5atm, Pp=1atm,Qf 0 = 8.24*10-9 kmol/s] 92
4-18 The effect of the O2/CH3OH ratio on the methanol conversion in the IMRCF. [Pf =4.5atm, Pp=1atm,Qf 0=8.24*10-9kmol/s] 95
4-19 The effect of the O2/CH3OH ratio on the H2 recovery in the IMRCF. [Pf = 4.5atm, Pp=1atm,Qf 0=8.24*10-9kmol/s] 96
表目錄
3.1 Summary of mass balance equation 54
3.2 Summary of dimensionless mass balance equation 55
4.1 Reactor size and kinetic parameter of reaction. [Itoh et al.,2002] 62
4.2 Modified reactor size 63
4.3 Reactor size and kinetic parameter of reaction 65

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指導教授

周正堂(Cheng-Tung Chou)

審核日期

2004-1-7

推文