甚高有機污染強鹼廢水之電透析前處理

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陳建曄(Jian-Ye Chen) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

化學工程與材料工程學系

論文名稱

甚高有機污染強鹼廢水之電透析前處理
(Electrodialysis treatment of very highly organics contaminated strong alkaline wastewater)

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摘要(中)

目前市場上彩色濾光片仍然以鉻金屬或鉻氧化物作為黑框(Black Matrix)的材料，而壓克力樹脂為彩色濾光片中，應用最廣泛的樹脂，當製程不良時，使用氫氧化鉀作為主要處理藥劑可直接在玻璃基板上蝕除樹脂，以避免將黑框一併蝕去，而基板仍可再生使用。
彩色濾光片玻璃基板再生製程所產生的廢鹼氫氧基濃度高達約1.7 M，導電度值亦多達45mS cm-1，本研究希望藉由電解-電透析法，去除氫氧基濃度，並同時回收與合成氫氧化鉀。
本實驗裝置先為三隔室型，為Pt-Ti / (1)KOH(aq) / A / (2) wastewater / C / (3)KOH(aq) / steel，A、C分別為離子交換膜Asahi AHT與Asahi CMV，KOH(aq)在陽極室、陰極室循環，廢水在淡化室循環。
藉由實驗數據得知，本系統影響εc、εv之主要因素為濃度、流速、及電流密度。綜合以上分析，選取適當實驗條件，操作90分鐘，原廢液淡化效率可達95%。
同時由無因次分析，可得電流效率和電壓效率與系統操作變因有著無因次之關係：
當膜組數增加，使用相同電量時，廢液所需處理時間愈少，其整體電能消耗也降低。而膜組數(1、2、3)對整體電流效率依序為80 %、150 %、221 %。

摘要(英)

Now, CF slide manufacturers yet regard chromium metal or the chromium oxide as the dark frame (Black Matrix) material. Acrylic resin is a general coating for CF. Potassium hydroxide, has the advantage that can prevent Black Matrix frame from clearing out substrate, is the cleaning drug for removing acrylic resin. The glass substrate is to be regenerated. The wastewater from the process could contain KOH up to 1.7 M and the conductivity up to 45 mS cm-1. The research of electrolysis - electrodialysis is that the resulting wastewater can be further treated by catalytic wet oxidation.
By the derived current density equation and applied voltage equation, the factors affecting both the current and voltage efficiencies found as：current density , concentration and flow velocities of the electrolytic solution.
The three compartments system is Pt-Ti / (1)KCl(aq) /C / (2) KOH(aq) /A / (3) wastewater / C / (4) KOH(aq) /Steel. The A and C are Asahi AHT anion membrane and Asahi CMV cation membrane, respectively.
By choose the proper experiment condition, operate for 90 minutes, the original wastewater diluate 80% of current efficiency, 80% of recover efficiency of potassium hydroxide.
Using the method of multiple regression to find dimensionless groups of the operation variables, we can get the equations for current and voltage efficienies.
Under the condition：I = 7.11 A dm-2 , u = 4.83 cm s-1 , d = 0.4 cm, the integral εc = 80 %. From the above results, a suitable set of operating conditions for two and three pairs ion exchange membranes are also studies, respectively. The results show that the capability of recovering KOH is almost proportional to the number of the pairs of the C and A.

關鍵字(中)

★ 彩色濾光片再生廢水
★ 電透析
★ 氫氧化鉀回收

關鍵字(英)

★ Electordialyzers
★ color filter
★ wastewater treatment

論文目次

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 iii
誌謝 v
目錄 vi
圖目錄 x
表目錄 xiii
符號說明 xv
第一章序論 1
1-1 工業廢水的特點 1
1-2 工業廢水處理技術 2
1-2-1 離子交換法 2
1-2-2 高級氧化法 3
1-2-3 濕式氧化法 3
1-2-4 電透析 4
1-2-4-1 電透析原理 4
1-2-4-2 陽離子交換膜 5
1-3 電透析之應用 6
1-3-1 有機酸鹽製備酸及鹼 6
1-3-2 無機鹽類製備酸及鹼 7
1-3-3 金屬離子的分離 8
1-3-4 脫鹽 9
1-4 本研究目的與方法、步驟 9
第二章理論部份 10
2-1 電解電透析之流程 10
2-2 離子通量方程式與電極間電位梯度 10
2-3 電透析典型濃度分佈 12
2-4 平衡極電位與電荷轉移過電壓 12
2-4-1 平衡極電位 12
2-4-2 電荷轉移過電壓 14
2-5 擴散電位 14
2-6 歐姆電位降 14
2-7 Donnan potential 15
2-8 濃度偏極化 15
2-9 系統外加電壓方程式 16
2-10 電流效率、電壓效率及電能消耗與無因次操作變數群之關係式 17
第三章實驗部份 22
3-1 實驗及分析用藥品 22
3-2 實驗裝置及分析儀器 23
3-3 樣品分析 23
3-3-1 導電度儀的校正及分析條件 23
3-3-2 陽極室、淡化室、陰極室OH-分析 24
3-4 實驗步驟 24
3-4-1 氫氧化鉀溶液導電度與pH 值校正 24
3-4-2 極限電流密度的測定 24
3-4-3 電流密度對電流效率、電壓效率及電能消耗之影響 24
3-4-4 濃度對電流效率、電壓效率及電能消耗之影響 25
3-4-5 流速對電流效率、電壓效率及電能消耗之影響 25
3-4-6 隔室寬度對電流效率電壓效率之影響 26
3-4-7 電流密度對整體電透析各槽液之關係 26
3-4-8 電流密度對離子交換膜組數之影響 26
3-4-9 離子交換膜組數對電流效率、電壓效率及電能消耗之影響 27
第四章結果與討論 28
4-1 氫氧化鉀溶液導電度與pH 值校正 29
4-2 極限電流密度的測定 30
4-3 電流密度對電流效率電壓效率及電能消耗之影響 32
4-4 濃度對電流效率、電壓效率、電能消耗之影響 35
4-5 流速對電流效率、電壓效率、電能消耗之影響 38
4-6 電解槽隔室寬度對電流效率、電壓效率、電能消耗之影響 44
4-7 電流效率及電壓效率與無因次操作變數群之關係式 46
4-8 電流密度對整體電透析各槽之關係 51
4-9 電流密度對膜組數之影響 54
4-10 離子交換膜組數對電流效率、電壓效率及電能消耗之影響 56
第五章結論 59
第六章參考文獻 62
表附錄 65

參考文獻

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指導教授

王天財(Tian-tsai Wang)

審核日期

2008-7-6

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