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姓名	黃偉智(Wei-Chi Hwang)  查詢紙本館藏	畢業系所	土木工程學系
論文名稱	貼片補強構件之層間應力分析 (Interlaminar Stress Analysis of Patch Repaired Structural Components)
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摘要(中)	摘要 本論文探討貼片補強構件之層間應力分布，整體論文包含三部份。第一部份採用複利葉級數分析法構建混凝土構件貼片補強黏結強度測試系統中之層間應力分析模型。探討應力集中現象和貼片黏貼度、膠層厚度以及貼片、膠層和混凝土材料性質之間的關係，並配合國內外一系列的實驗數據，探討極限狀態下貼片、膠層、補強構件間之層間應力分布情形。透過解析解和實驗數據的反算之後，發現貼片、膠層、補強構件間之真正層間應力黏結強度和混凝土材料之抗拉強度 之間趨近於一個固定比值，當貼片長度適當時其值固定而不隨貼片搭接長度之不同而改變，此一研究提出一貼片黏接強度實驗的解析模型，工程人員可依據本論文之反算方式，估算出一合理之黏結強度值，從而更能掌握正確的破壞荷載發生時刻，使得結構補強之極限荷載可作更精確的評估。第二部份以解析法探討鋼筋混凝土梁以FRP修補後之貼片和混凝土結構承受彎曲荷載下之層間應力問題；分析模型中將鋼筋及混凝土材料之非線性性質亦納入考慮，可較完整的探討貼片補強之RC梁發生破壞時整體結構之應力分布，研究發現鋼筋降伏及自由端效應，會造成FRP貼片在局部位置的層間剪應力之集中現象。此一解析所得之層間應力分佈現象，可用以解釋釵h實驗所觀察到的FRP剝離或脫層現象。第三部份探討以錯開式的貼片補強方式，由文中所推導之錯開式貼片補強RC梁之層間應力解析解可合理的求得以錯開式的貼片補強時，所產生之層間應力集中的位置及大小。於所推導出之結果發現不僅尾端處會出現應力集中，除此之外於錯開斷面之不連續處也會出現層間應力集中，而由後續的研究中更發現此應力集中之大小也可能產生界面脫層的發生。本文中所推導出之解析式為前人的研究中所無法得到之結果，藉由本文中所推導出之多層錯開式貼片補強RC梁之層間應力解析式於代入適當之邊界條件後，可作為往後進行多層漸錯式貼片補強之層間應力分析之基礎，可使未來進行工程設計時視需要而進行更精密可靠之斷面設計；另外於文中並藉由變化膠層厚度、貼片厚度、貼片楊式模數等方式進行參數研究。可由各種不同之複合模式以研究何者能更為降低界面之層間應力，以提高貼片補強構件之承載力。
摘要(英)	Abstract In this thesis a series of analytical solutions of the interlaminar stresses of various types of patch repaired structural components are derived by Fourier analysis method. These analytical solutions can demonstrate how the stress concentration developed under various combinations of patch arrangement, loading condition and material properties and can reasonably explain the failure mechanisms of patched members observed in experiments. In the first part of this thesis, stress distributions among interfaces of a typical joint used for evaluating the shear strength of bond between patch plate and substrate are derived. This prediction model was further applied to back calculate the true bonding strength between FRP and concrete. It is found that the true bonding strength is many times higher than the one obtained by averaging the ultimate load with bonding area. From this true bonding strength value, a more precise loading capacity can be predicted for the retrofitting design of RC beam using FRP sheet. Bending analysis of reinforced concrete (RC) beams patched with steel or fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) plate is presented in the second part of this thesis. The non-linear stress-strain relationships of concrete and steel reinforcement are considered in the analysis model. The variation and distribution of the interfacial normal and shear stresses between the patching plate and RC beam for various combinations of load levels, plate thickness, material type, adhesive thickness and plate length are evaluated. It is found that the yielding of the steel reinforcements inside the concrete beam causes a discontinuous distribution of shear stress at the FRP-concrete interface. This discontinuous distribution of interfacial shear stress together with the stress concentration effect around the ends of the patched plate are applied to explain the debonding and peeling off failure mechanisms typically observed in the tests. It suggests that the proposed analytical model can be applied to estimate the ultimate load carrying capacity of the patch retrofitted RC beam for structural engineers. In the third part of this thesis, analytical model for the interfacial stress distributions of n layers staggering patched on RC beam is derived. Variations and distributions of the interfacial normal and shear stresses among patch plates and RC beam for various combinations of plate thickness, material type, adhesive thickness are investigated in detail.
關鍵字(中)	★ 層間應力 ★ 脫層 ★ 界面強度 ★ 非線性 ★ 錯開式	關鍵字(英)	★ nonlinear ★ interlaminar stress ★ patch ★ FRP ★ concentration ★ debonding ★ concrete ★ staggered
論文目次	~ 目錄 ~ 頁次 中文摘要I 英文摘要III 誌謝V 目錄VI 表目錄X 圖目錄XI 第一章 緒論1 1-1研究動機1 1-2研究目的2 第二章 文獻回顧4 2-1 結構物的損壞及維修方法4 2-2貼片補強技術發展及原理6 2-3貼片補強使用之黏結劑6 2-3-1黏結劑的選擇6 2-3-2 以環氧樹脂作為黏結劑7 2-4貼片補強使用之貼片材料7 2-4-1貼片材料的發展7 2-4-2 FRP複合材料之組成及分類9 2-5 溫度對貼片補強的影響9 2-6 濕度對貼片補強的影響10 2-7 補強實驗之相關研究11 2-8 貼片補強構件之層間應力分析18 第三章 混凝土構件貼片補強真實黏結強度之評估模型33 3-1前言33 3-2理論推導35 3-2-1應力分析之第一階段36 3-2-2以最小平麮z解an44 3-2-3應力分析之第二階段47 3-2-4應力之合成53 3-3參數研究54 3-3-1改變膠層厚度的影響性54 3-3-2改變貼片厚度的影響性55 3-3-3改變膠層材料參數的影響性56 3-3-4改變FRP材料參數的影響性56 3-3-5 搭接長度和k1值之研究57 3-4真實黏結強度之反算分析58 3-4-1試體的配置及參數使用介紹59 3-4-2反算分析結果及討論60 3-4-3反算膠結層強度和斜剪實驗的比較61 3-5結果與討論62 第四章 貼片補強 RC梁層間應力之非線性分析研究90 4-1前言90 4-2貼片補強RC梁層間應力之理論模型91 4-2-1第一階段91 4-2-2第二階段95 4-2-3第三階段97 4-3實例分析98 4-3-1分析目的98 4-3-2分析模型規劃99 4-3-3實驗結果分析99 4-4參數研究102 4-4-1參數研究目的102 4-4-2未黏貼長度(Lc)的變化對層間應力的影響103 4-4-3貼片厚度(dp)的變化對層間應力的影響104 4-4-4膠層材料性質(Ga)的變化對層間應力的影響105 4-5 結論建議106 第五章 錯開式貼片補強RC梁之層間應力分析122 5-1研究背景及分析目的122 5-1-1前言122 5-1-2應力之分析體系及理論推導步驟122 5-2雙層錯開式貼片補強之層間剪應力的推導123 5-3雙層錯開式貼片補強之層間正應力的推導130 5-4雙層錯開式貼片補強之模式驗證144 5-4-1驗證目的144 5-4-2分析模型規劃144 5-4-3模式驗證144 5-5雙層錯開式貼片補強之參數研究147 5-5-1參數研究目的148 5-5-2參數研究之規劃148 5-5-3改變lb、lc之影響148 5-5-4改變da1之影響149 5-5-5改變da2之影響150 5-5-6改變dp1之影響150 5-5-7改變Ep1之影響151 5-5-8改變Ep2之影響152 5-6多層錯開式貼片補強版之推導153 5-6-1推導目的153 5-6-2多層錯開式層合版之分析體系及理論推導步驟153 5-6-3三層錯開式層合版之層間剪應力的推導154 5-6-4三層錯開式層合版之層間正應力的推導157 5-6-5多層漸進層合版之層間應力推導規律162 5-7 結論建議165 第六章 綜合結論與建議207 6-1 綜合結論207 6-2 未來發展方向209 附錄(一)211 附錄(二)218 附錄(三)224 附錄(四)238 附錄(五)239 附錄(六)261 附錄(七)263 附錄(八)264 附錄(九)264 附錄(十)265 參考文獻267 表目錄 頁次 表(3-1) 第一階段和第二階段之各應力分量之整理65 表(3-2) 改變不同膠層厚度(h2)66 表(3-3) 各補強構件之材料性質66 表(3-4) 改變不同FRP厚度(h)66 表(3-5) AP1、AP2、AP3、AP4之構件尺寸67 表(3-6) 以FRP為補強工具改變膠層材料時各構件之材料性質67 表(3-7) FP1、FP2、FP3之構件尺寸67 表(3-8) 以FRP為補強工具改變FRP材料性質時各構件之材料性質68 表(3-9) 拉桿為混凝土搭接長度和k1的對應關係68 表(3-10) 松 木、FRP、膠 層之材料性質68 表(3-11) 拉桿為松木時搭接長度和k1的對應關係69 表(3-12) 實驗試體以東燃株式會社之實驗配置方式69 表(3-13) 何駿傑之部份試體構成表69 表(3-14) 何駿傑試體的強度及破壞模態70 表(3-15) 反算分析綜合整理70 表(3-16) 文獻[52]中斜剪實驗之實驗參數表70 表(4-1) Roberts、Quantrill 等人所使用之相關參數107 表(4-2) 參數研究混凝土和鋼筋的力學性質108 表(5-1) 驗證之輸入參數(a)167 表(5-2) 驗證之輸入參數(b)167 表(5-3) Roberts之參數定義168 圖目錄 頁次 圖2-1 貼片補強法之示意圖21 圖2-2 各種補強材料與混凝土之應力-應變關係圖21 圖2-3 複合材料之組成示意圖22 圖2-4 養治溫度與樹脂反應關係圖22 圖2-5典型黏結效果劣化曲線23 圖2-6鋼鈑補強的錨定方式23 圖2-7預設裂縫的混凝土樑與斜剪試驗試體24 圖2-8 Wall斜剪試驗試體尺寸圖24 圖2-9 各種規範的斜剪試驗尺寸25 圖2-10 Abu-Tair 斜剪試驗之試體尺寸及製作過程25 圖2-11 Abu-Tair MMOR試驗之試體尺寸及製作過程26 圖2-12 CFRP貼片補強斷面尺寸26 圖2-13 GFRP貼片補強之貼片配置圖27 圖2-14 鋼鈑貼於混凝土樑之拉力側28 圖2-15 黏結層端點的剪應力及正向應力28 圖2-16 CFRP貼片補強配置示意圖29 圖2-17 GFRP貼片剪力補強配置示意圖30 圖2-18碳纖維貼布剪力強度試驗試體尺寸31 圖2-19 Swamy環氧樹脂剪力強度試驗配置32 圖2-20 碳纖維布貼片直接剪力試驗32 圖3-1-1貼片補強黏接強度實驗系統及分析模型示意圖71 圖3-2-1疊加的第一部份71 圖3-2-2疊加的第二部份72 圖3-2-3拉桿構件中央斷面應力均佈假設成立所需長度之示意圖72 圖3-2-4 層間應力τ0、σ0、τ1、σ1及其正方向73 圖3-2-5 於貼片取一微分段的力平衡圖74 圖3-2-6 於膠層取一微分段的力平衡圖74 圖3-2-7 於拉桿取一微分段的力平衡圖75 圖3-2-8 貼片中的剪應力75 圖3-2-9 取左半部份的Stage 2中央斷面的各應力76 圖3-2-10第二階段之中央斷面受力圖76 圖3-2-11 層間應力τ0、σ0、τ1、σ1及其正方向77 圖3-2-12 於貼片取一微分段的力平衡圖78 圖3-2-13 於膠層取一微分段的力平衡圖78 圖3-2-14 於拉桿取一微分段的力平衡圖79 圖3-3-1以相同的外力P加載作用之下改變膠層厚度時混凝土和膠層界面之 層間剪應力79 圖3-3-2以相同的外力P加載作用之下改變膠層厚度時混凝土和膠層界面之 層間正應力80 圖3-3-3 以相同的外力P加載作用之下改變FRP厚度時混凝土和膠層界面之 層間剪應力80 圖3-3-4 以相同的外力P加載作用之下改變FRP厚度時混凝土和膠層界面之 層間正應力81 圖3-3-5 以相同的外力P加載作用之下改變''鋼板厚度時混凝土和膠層界面之 層間剪應力81 圖3-3-6 以相同的外力P加載作用之下改變''鋼板厚度時混凝土和膠層界面之 層間正應力82 圖3-3-7 以相同的外力P加載作用之下改變''膠層材料參數時混凝土和膠層 界面之層間剪應力82 圖3-3-8 以相同的外力P加載作用之下改變''膠層材料參數時混凝土和膠層 界面之層間正應力83 圖3-3-9 以相同的外力P加載作用之下改變FRP材料參數時混凝土和膠層 界面之層間剪應力83 圖3-3-10 以相同的外力P加載作用之下改變FRP材料參數時混凝土和膠層 界面之層間正應力…………………......................................................... 84 圖3-3-11 拉桿為混凝土時不同搭接長度之下之k1值84 圖3-3-12 拉桿為松木時不同搭接長度之下之k185 圖3-4-1 文獻[54]的實驗配置(a)及實驗結果(b)(Forca Tow Sheet User Manual)85 圖3-4-2 何駿傑試體搭接長度示意圖86 圖3-4-3 混凝土試體之破壞模態86 圖3-4-4 實驗試體(J1、J2、J3、D2、D8、D14、D16、D17)之層間剪應力分布曲線87 圖3-4-5 實驗試體(J1、J2、J3、D2、D8、D14、D16、D17)之層間正應力分布曲線87 圖3-4-6 Sketch of tensile + shear and compression + shear concrete – adhesive specimens......................................................................................88 圖3-4-7 Mohr-Columb failure envelope for concrete-adhesive interface[52] ............88 圖3-4-8 將J2、J3、D2、D8、D16、D18繪於圖5-7的拉力側(Tension side)的數據以及其線性迴歸曲線.............................................................................89 圖4-2-1貼片補強之RC梁之分析體系109 圖4-2-2第一階段之內力110 圖4-2-3以貼片材料為主並忽略混凝土受拉區之轉換斷面110 圖4-2-4沿 方向的應變111 圖4-2-5 Kent and Park之混凝土應力應變關係模型111 圖4-2-6混凝土構件受外力後之彎矩圖112 圖4-2-7梁全長分成 段後每一段的曲率值 112 圖4-2-8第一階段(材料之非線性因素加入考慮求得各斷面之曲率(變形))113 圖4-2-9第二階段(消除邊界之軸力)113 圖4-2-10第三階段(消除邊界之彎矩及剪力)114 圖4-2-11第二階段中軸向應力之求取114 圖4-2-12混凝土和膠層之間真正的每單位長層間剪力115 圖4-2-13第三階段的應力修正115 圖4-3-1 L-C-T2U1之層間應力分布116 圖4-3-2 L-C-T2U1之加載-位移曲線116 圖4-3-3貼片尾端之應力狀態117 圖4-3-4 L-C-T2U1之貼片軸向應力分布118 圖4-3-5 L-C-T2U1之貼片應變計荷重-應變記錄圖118 圖4-3-6 L-C-T2U1之應變計位置119 圖4-3-7 L-C-T2U1之受力形式119 圖4-4-1參數研究改變Lc對層間應力之影響120 圖4-4-2參數研究改變dp對層間應力之影響120 圖4-4-3參數研究改變Ga(Ea)對層間應力之影響121 圖5-1-1雙層錯開式層合板169 圖5-1-2雙層錯開式層合板求解層間應力之分析體系169 圖5-2-1 A部分水平向分力之力平衡圖170 圖5-2-2 B部分水平向分力之力平衡圖170 圖5-2-3 B部分第二層貼片之水平向力平衡圖171 圖5-2-4 B部分第一層貼片之水平向力平衡圖171 圖5-3-1 A部分之力平衡圖172 圖5-3-2 B部分之力平衡圖173 圖5-4-1 la=0.25m、lb=0、lc=1.5m上層之層間應力174 圖5-4-2 la=0.25m、lb=0、lc=1.5m下層之層間應力174 圖5-4-3 la=0.10m、lb=0、lc=1.65m上層之層間應力175 圖5-4-4 la=0.10m、lb=0、lc=1.65m下層之層間應力175 圖5-4-5雙層錯開式層合板A部分消失僅存B部分之分析體系176 圖5-4-6 la=0.25m、lb=1.5m之層間應力(僅剩一層)176 圖5-4-7 la=0.10m、lb=1.65m之層間應力(僅剩一層)177 圖5-4-8 雙層錯開式層合板B部分消失僅存A部分之分析體系177 圖5-4-9 A-1之上層貼片之層間應力178 圖5-4-10 A-1之下層貼片之層間應力178 圖5-4-11 A-2之上層貼片之層間應力179 圖5-4-12 A-2之下層貼片之層間應力179 圖5-4-13 A-3之上層貼片之層間應力180 圖5-4-14 A-3之下層貼片之層間應力180 圖5-4-15 B-1之上層貼片之層間應力181 圖5-4-16 B-1之下層貼片之層間應力181 圖5-4-17 B-2之上層貼片之層間應力182 圖5-4-18 B-2之下層貼片之層間應力182 圖5-4-19 B-3之上層貼片之層間應力183 圖5-4-20 B-3之下層貼片之層間應力183 圖5-5-1 lb=0~ lb=40 cm之上層貼片之層間剪應力184 圖5-5-2 lb=0~ lb=40 cm之下層貼片之層間剪應力184 圖5-5-3 lb=0~ lb=40 cm之上層貼片之層間正應力185 圖5-5-4 lb=0~ lb=40 cm之下層貼片之層間正應力185 圖5-5-5 lb=0~ lb=10 mm之上層貼片之層間剪應力186 圖5-5-6 lb=0~ lb=10 mm之下層貼片之層間剪應力186 圖5-5-7 lb=0~ lb=10 mm之上層貼片之層間正應力187 圖5-5-8 lb=0~ lb=10 mm之下層貼片之層間正應力187 圖5-5-9錯開量和尾端應力188 圖5-5-10 改變da1對上層層間應力之影響188 圖5-5-11改變da1對上層層間應力之影響(0圖5-5-12改變da1對上層層間應力之影響(由x=0.15m~ =0.05m，x=0.20m為 A、B之較界處)189 圖5-5-13改變da1對上層層間應力之影響(由x=0.17m~ =0.02m，x=0.20m為 A、B之較界處)190 圖5-5-14改變da1對下層層間應力之影響190 圖5-5-15改變da2對上層層間應力之影響191 圖5-5-16改變da2對上層層間應力之影響(0圖5-5-17改變da2對上層層間應力之影響(由x=0.15m~ =0.05m，x=0.20m為 A、B之較界處)192 圖5-5-18改變da2對上層層間應力之影響(由x=0.17m~ =0.02m，x=0.20m為 A、B之較界處)192 圖5-5-19改變da2對下層層間應力之影響193 圖5-5-20改變dp1對上層層間應力之影響193 圖5-5-21改變dp1對上層層間應力之影響(0圖5-5-22改變dp1對上層層間應力之影響(由x=0.17m~ =0.05m，x=0.20m為 A、B之較界處)194 圖5-5-23改變dp1對上層層間應力之影響(由x=0.17m~ =0.02m，x=0.20m為 A、B之較界處)195 圖5-5-24改變Ep1對下層層間應力之影響195 圖5-5-25改變Ep1對上層層間應力之影響196 圖5-5-26改變Ep1對上層層間應力之影響(0圖5-5-27改變Ep1對上層層間應力之影響(由x=0.15m~ =0.05m，x=0.20m為 A、B之較界處)197 圖5-5-28改變Ep1對上層層間應力之影響(由x=0.17m~ =0.02m，x=0.20m為 A、B之較界處)197 圖5-5-29改變Ep1對下層層間應力之影響198 圖5-5-30改變Ep2對上層層間應力之影響198 圖5-5-31改變Ep2對上層層間應力之影響(0圖5-5-32改變Ep2對上層層間應力之影響(由x=0.15m~ =0.05m，x=0.20m為 A、B之較界處)199 圖5-5-33改變Ep2對上層層間應力之影響(由x=0.17m~ =0.02m，x=0.20m為 A、B之較界處)200 圖5-5-34改變Ep2對下層層間應力之影響200 圖5-5-35斷面性質改變對於上層層間應力的影響(0圖5-5-36斷面性質改變對於上層層間應力的影響(0.15圖5-5-37斷面性質改變對於下層層間應力的影響202 圖5-6-1三層錯開式層合版202 圖5-6-2三層錯開式層合板求解層間應力之分析體系203 圖5-6-3 C部分之水平向分力之力平衡圖204 圖5-6-4 C部分第三層貼片之水平向力平衡圖204 圖5-6-5 C部分第二層貼片之水平向力平衡圖205 圖5-6-6 C部分第一層貼片之水平向力平衡圖205 圖5-6-7 C部分之力平衡圖206 圖6-1建議之貼片補強RC梁之尾端錨定模式210
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指導教授	王仲宇(Chung-Yue Wang)	審核日期	2002-6-10
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