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姓名 黃至平(Chih-Ping Huang) 查詢紙本館藏 畢業系所 大氣物理研究所 論文名稱 應用衛星資料反演颱風能量及其在颱風強度變化之探討 相關論文 檔案 [Endnote RIS 格式]
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摘要(中) 颱風強度的變化一直為科學家所重視，颱風的能量與強度變化關係，更是令人關注的研究主題。前人研究指出颱風強度的增強主要得益於總海氣能量的供給，但以往的研究較少考慮到動能的消耗，故本篇研究即以總能量變化的觀點來探討颱風強度變化，並藉能量變化與颱風強度兩者之關係，建立一個通用方程式，以期改善颱風強度的預報。
本研究分析2001年到2007年5月到11月期間生成於西北太平洋的颱風個案，利用SSM/I衛星資料計算距離颱風中心三個經緯度的方形區域內的海氣參數平均累加，估計環境場提供給颱風系統的總合成熱能；並利用QuikSCAT衛星資料計算該範圍內的動能釋放，以總能量的觀點分析能量變化，進而建立一個更完備的颱風強度變化之能量觀點。
本研究的分析顯示：颱風生命期發展前期，有較弱的動能釋放，而總合成熱能卻是逐漸增高；在成熟期，則動能釋放與總合成熱能變化不大；在颱風耗散期之前，總合成熱能明顯減弱很多，而動能釋放持續增大導致颱風強度減弱，顯見能量變化對颶風強度之影響。另外，本研究所建立的迴歸方程在預測颱風消散期之強度變化上有相當不錯的準確性（相關係數約0.61），顯示以颱風總能量變化做為颱風強度變化指標，可改善預測颱風消散期之強度預報準確率。
摘要(英) This article describes an approach to estimate typhoon intensity with a model that considers the total energy conversion within a typhoon. The main total energy source and sink are the total heat energy from sea surface thermal flux and the kinetic energy dissipation, respectively. It is interesting that the typhoon intensity seems dependent on the total energy source and sink closer than it was shown by the previous theoretical models. In this study, the roles of total energy conversion in determining typhoon intensity are investigated.
This research analyzed the Northwestern Pacific typhoons in the typhoon seasons (May to November) from 2001 to 2007. The main aim of this research is to employ SSM/I data and QuikSCAT data to retrieve the air-sea parameters, and estimate the kinetic energy released from typhoons, and then to find the possible energy signals as a typhoon intensity indicator.
The results indicate that the total energy conversion within a typhoon may lead to the intensity conversion appreciably different from the lifetime of the typhoon state. At the beginning, the energy sink is usually significant smaller than the source and then both of them turn into a rough tie state. Finally, the sink is much larger than the source. That seems the typhoon intensity is highly correlated with the total energy conversion (correlation coefficient is 0.61), showing that the index of a typhoon’s total energy conversion can be used to improve the forecast of a typhoon when it is during its dissipative state.
關鍵字(中) ★ 海氣參數
★ 消散期
★ 颱風強度關鍵字(英) ★ Air-sea parameters
★ Dissipative state
★ Typhoon intensity論文目次 摘要.................................................................................................................................... i
Abstract............................................................................................................................... ii
致謝.................................................................................................................................... iii
目錄.................................................................................................................................... iv
表目錄................................................................................................................................ vi
圖目錄................................................................................................................................ vii
第一章 緒論..................................................................................................................... 1
1-1 前言........................................................................................................................ 1
1-2 文獻回顧................................................................................................................ 3
1-3 研究目的................................................................................................................ 5
第二章 基礎理論與研究方法......................................................................................... 6
2-1 能量方程................................................................................................................ 6
2-2微波頻譜與微波輻射傳送方程............................................................................. 9
2-3海氣參數反演......................................................................................................... 11
2-3-1降雨反演式...................................................................................................... 11
2-3-2海氣參數反演.................................................................................................. 12
2-3-3環境場之合成總能量...................................................................................... 14
2-4動能反演................................................................................................................ 14
2-5 研究方法................................................................................................................ 16
第三章 衛星儀器介紹與資料處理................................................................................. 20
3-1 紅外線衛星影像..................................................................................................... 20
3-2 SSM/I儀器............................................................................................................... 21
3-3 QuikSCAT衛星資料.................................................................................................. 23
3-4 JTWC最佳路徑資料................................................................................................ 23
3-5 資料來源與處理..................................................................................................... 24
第四章 結果分析與討論................................................................................................. 25
4-1個案討論.................................................................................................................. 25
4-2颱風強度與能量變化迴歸分析.............................................................................. 30
4-2-1統計迴歸之總體迴歸探討.............................................................................. 31
4-2-2統計迴歸之季節性探討.................................................................................. 31
4-2-3統計迴歸之生命階段性與強度探討.............................................................. 31
4-2-4綜合討論與驗證.............................................................................................. 33
第五章 結論與未來展望................................................................................................. 35
參考文獻............................................................................................................................ 37
附表.................................................................................................................................... 41
附圖.................................................................................................................................... 48
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