磁場對多電極電解水產氫之影響

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許嘉顯(Chia-hsien Hsu) 查詢紙本館藏

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能源工程研究所

論文名稱

磁場對多電極電解水產氫之影響
(The influence of magnetic field on the hydrogen production by multi-electrode water electrolysis)

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摘要(中)

本實驗利用多組鎳電極，於氫氧化鉀電解液，進行水電解產氫，由恆電位儀、氣體質量流量計、高速攝影機與相機記錄所得到的數據資料，探討不同電壓值、電極間距與組數、電解液濃度，在加入磁場後，受到磁流體動力學(MHD)中勞侖茲力(Lorentz force)之影響，使電流值提升促進電解，而氣體產量皆會增加，並且使氣泡流場平均分散，降低阻抗促進電解反應。
恆電位儀搭配氣體流量計加入磁場後，在電極間距3mm，濃度25wt%，電壓3V時有最大體積流率為3.6 l/hr。再藉由電化學電解之觀念計算加磁場後產氣增加率、電功率增加率與能量效率，在電極間距3mm，電壓2.5V，單一電極組有最大產氣增加率為13.4%，電功率增加率為10.2%，在多電極組的能量效率皆有不錯的效果，在電極間距3mm，電壓2.5V，1組有最大值為92.14%。
關鍵字: 電解水、勞侖茲力、磁流體動力學(MHD) 、多電極

摘要(英)

Multiple sets of nickel electrode were used in an electrolyte of potassium hydroxide to perform water electrolysis hydrogen production, Effects of different parameters, such as applied voltage, inter-electrode distance, number of electrode groups and concentration of electrolyte on the water electrolysis are investigated by the use of potentiostat, mass flow meter, high-speed camera.
By the adding of the magnetic field, the resulting Lorentz force will produce magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) convection and promotes electrolysis with more gas production. Gas bubbles disperse averagely in the electrolyte and the impedance is thus reduced. The maximum flow rate of 3.6 l / hr occurs as inter-electrode distance of 3mm, concentration of 25 wt%, and applied voltage of 3V with the addition of magnetic field. The increase of gas production rate, the increase of electric power rate, and the energy efficiency as the magnetic field is added are also estimated. With the addition of magnetic field, the maximum gas production rate is about 13.4%, electric power rate about 10.2%, and energy efficiency about 92.14%, for the single electrode group under parameters of inter-electrode distance 3mm, and applied voltage 2.5V. For multi-electrode groups, the gas production is increased, and the corresponding energy efficiency is slightly reduced only. It shows that the multi-electrode groups can be applied for the mass production of hydrogen.
Key words: Water electrolysis；Lorenz force；Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)；multi-electrode

關鍵字(中)

★ 電解水
★ 勞侖茲力
★ 磁流體動力學
★ 多電極

關鍵字(英)

★ Water electrolysis
★ Lorenz force
★ Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)
★ multi-electrode

論文目次

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
目錄 IV
表目錄 VIII
圖目錄 IX
符號說明 XII
第一章緒論 1
1-1前言 1
1-2文獻回顧 2
1-3研究目的與動機 5
第二章理論基礎 7
2-1電解水產氫之基本原理 7
2-2電解電壓 8
2-3法拉第電解定律 9
2-4吉布斯自由能 10
2-5極化作用 11
2-5-1濃度極化 11
2-5-2活性極化 12
2-5-3歐姆極化 13
2-6勞侖茲力 14
2-7電極之磁化效應 14
2-8導電度 16
2-9燃料熱值 16
2-10效率 17
2-10-1電流 17
2-10-2氫氣熱值 18
2-10-3電功率 18
第三章實驗裝置 20
3-1實驗用品 20
3-1-1實驗藥品 20
3-1-2實驗材料 20
3-2實驗儀器 21
3-2-1恆電位儀 22
3-2-2溫度量測器 22
3-2-3磁石攪拌器 22
3-2-4氣體質量流量計 22
3-2-5直流電源供應器 23
3-2-6燈具 23
3-2-7高速攝影機 24
3-2-8鏡頭 24
3-3實驗架設 24
3-4實驗變數 25
3-5實驗步驟 25
3-5-1恆電位儀量測 25
3-5-2高速攝影機與相機拍攝 26
第四章結果與討論 27
4-1工作參數對產氫量之影響 28
4-1-1體積流率 28
4-1-2 氣泡流場之觀察 30
4-2工作參數對產氫效率之影響 32
4-2-1流率差值之影響 33
4-2-2產氣增加率之影響 33
4-2-3電功率增加率之影響 34
4-2-4絕對效率之影響 35
第五章結論與未來展望 37
5-1結論 37
5-2未來展望 37
參考文獻 39
表 43
圖 47

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指導教授

洪勵吾

審核日期

2015-7-29

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