![]() |
|
以作者查詢圖書館館藏 、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士 、以作者查詢全國書目 、勘誤回報 、線上人數:27 、訪客IP:3.144.113.233
姓名 吳東霖(Tung-lin Wu) 查詢紙本館藏 畢業系所 電機工程學系 論文名稱 基於對數概似比演算法且可配置天線組 態之快速軟性輸出多輸入多輸出偵測器
(A High Speed Antenna-Configurable Soft-output MIMO Detector Based on Log-likelihood Ratio Algorithm)相關論文 檔案 [Endnote RIS 格式]
[Bibtex 格式]
[相關文章]
[文章引用]
[完整記錄]
[館藏目錄]
[檢視]
[下載]
- 本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
- 已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的,進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
- 請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定,切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送,以免觸法。
摘要(中) 本論文提出了一個具有概似比演算法的可平行快速解碼且天線組態可變的軟性輸出多輸入輸出偵測器,可支援QPSK 、16QAM 、64QAM 三種調變星座圖,天線方面可支援2x2~8x8 七種組態。由文獻可知道軟性輸出多輸出輸入偵測器可簡化成候選列表產生器與軟性值產生器兩個區塊,候選列表產生器能提供多組高可信度的訊號路徑,軟性值產生器藉由參考這些訊號路徑後,再去產生每一個位元的軟性值輸出。本論文所使用的候選列表產生器是基於傳統K 最佳演算法,並經過多層的延伸與排序,可以產生出K 組高可信度的訊號路徑並提供給後端的軟性值產生器,而軟性值產生器主要是實現概似比演算法,利用前端所提供的訊號路徑去產生每一個位元的軟性值,再利用這些軟性值去還原傳送端的實際訊號。本論文所使用的硬體架構為平行處理,除了可以提供高資料吞吐量外,且在天線組態改變的情況下,硬體使用率也可以達到百分之百,得到在不同的天線組態下也可以提供相同的資料吞吐量效果。 摘要(英) A high speed antenna-configurable soft-output MIMO detector based on log-likelihood ratio algorithm is proposed in this thesis. It can support three various modulation methods such as QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, and seven antenna modes such as 22 88. The soft-output MIMO detector can be simplified to two blocks which are candidate list generator and soft value generator. The candidate list generator can provide multiple signal paths with high confidence, and the soft value generator offer the soft value output of each bit by referencing these signal paths. The candidate list generator which is used in this thesis is based on traditional K-best algorithm and generates the K sets of high confidence signal paths for the back-end soft value generator by several extending and sorting. In order to recover the received signal into the correct signal, the soft value generator realizes the log-likelihood algorithm and generates the soft value output of each bit by using the high confidence signal paths which are provided by front-end candidate list generator. The proposed hardware implementation in this thesis
is the parallel architecture. The proposed hardware Implementation in this thesis not only can provide highly-same throughput but also can achieve 100% hardware utilization in different antenna modes.關鍵字(中) ★ 偵測器
★ 軟性輸出
★ 多輸入多輸出關鍵字(英) ★ Detector
★ Soft-output
★ MIMO論文目次 摘要.................................................................................................... i
Abstract.............................................................................................. iii
謝誌.................................................................................................... v
目錄....................................................................................................vii
圖目錄................................................................................................ ix
表目錄................................................................................................ xi
第一章緒論..................................................................................... 1
1.1 背景. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 研究動機. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3 論文架構. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
第二章MIMO通訊系統介紹............................................................ 5
2.1 系統架構. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.1.1 通道容量. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.1.2 通道編碼(Channel Code) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.2 空間多工技術. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.3 空間多工線性解碼演算法. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.3.1 強制歸零(Zero-Forcing) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2.3.2 最小均方錯誤(Minimum Mean Square Error) . . . 11
2.4 空間多工非線性解碼演算法. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.4.1 最大相似偵測法(Maximum Likelihood) . . . . . . . 12
2.4.2 樹狀搜尋(Tree Search) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.5 偵測器解調輸出(Detector Output) . . . . . . . . . 18
2.5.1 硬性解調輸出. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.5.2 軟性解調輸出. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.5.3 非線性解碼偵測器的軟性解調輸出. . . . . . . . . . 20
第三章軟性輸出多輸入輸出偵測器................................................. 23
3.1 軟性輸出多輸入輸出偵測器的簡化. . . . . . . . . . 23
3.2 候選列表產生器. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.2.1 實數系統(Real Value System) . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.2.2 離散最佳K 演算法(Distributed K-Best) . . . . . 26
3.2.3 觀察與改良. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.3 改良最佳K 演算法(Improved K-Best) . . . . . . . 29
3.3.1 路徑延伸排序. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.3.2 最佳路徑搜尋. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3.4 平行解碼多輸入輸出偵測器. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.5 運算複雜度與效能比較分析. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3.5.1 硬體的運算複雜度比較. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
3.5.2 效能比較. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
第四章硬體架構設計....................................................................... 41
4.1 候選列表產生器(Candidate List Generator) . . . 43
4.1.1 延伸電路(Extension Circuit) . . . . . . . . . . . 43
4.1.2 排序電路(Sorting Circuit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
4.1.3 最佳路徑搜尋電路(Best Path Search Circuit) . . 50
4.1.4 平行式候選列表產生器. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
4.2 軟性值產生器(Soft Value Generator) . . . . . . . 53
第五章晶片實現.............................................................................. 55
5.1 定點數模擬. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
5.2 FPGA 驗證. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
5.3 晶片規格與硬體比較. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
第六章結論與未來展望................................................................... 61
參考文獻............................................................................................. 63參考文獻 [1] Kwan-waiWong, Chi-ying Tsui, Roger Shu-kwan Cheng andWai-ho
Mow, “A VLSI Architecture of a K-best Lattice Decoding Algorithm for MIMO Channels.” in Proc. ISCAS, pp. 273-276, May 2002.
[2] Yong Soo Cho, Jaekwon Kim, Won Young Yang, Chung G. Kang,
“MIMO-OFDM Wireless Communication with MATLAB.” 2010.
[3] Bertrand M. Hochwald and Stephan ten Brink, “Achieving Near-Capacity on a Multiple-Antenna Channel.” IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 389-399, Mar. 2003.
[4] Zhan Guo and Nilsson P., “Algorithm and Implementation of the k-Best Sphere Decoding for MIMO Detection.” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 24, no. 3, Mar. 2007.
[5] Eldad Perahia, Robert Stacey, “Next Generation Wireless LANs : Throughtput, Robustness, and Reliability in 802.11n.” Cambridge University Press, Sep. 2008.
[6] Emre Telatar, “Capacity of Multi-antenna Gaussian Channels.”European Transactions Telecommunication, pp. 585-595, Nov.-Dec. 1990.
[7] Babak Hassibi, Haris Vikalo, “On the Sphere Decoding Algorithm. I. Expected Complexity.” IEEE Trans. on Signal Processing, vol. 53, pp. 2806-2818, Aug. 2005.
[8] Saif K. Mohammed, K. Vishnu Vardhan, A. Chockalingam, B. Sundar Rajan, “Large MIMO Systems: A Low-Complexity Detecotr at High Spectral Efficiencies.” IEEE Int. Conf. on Common., pp. 1104-1109, May. 2008.
[9] Andreas Burg, Moritz Borgmann, Markus Wenk, Martin Zellweger, Wolfgang Fichtner, Helmut Bölcskei, “VLSI Implementation of MIMO Detection Using the Sphere Decoding Algorithm.” IEEE Journal. Solid-State Circuit, vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 1566-1577, July. 2005.
[10] Markus Wenk, Martin Zellweger, Andreas Burg, Norbert Felber, Wolfgang Fichtner, “K-Best MIMO Detection VLSI Architectures Achieving up to 424 Mbps.” in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst., pp. 1151–1154, May. 2006.
[11] Yong Soo Cho, Jaekwon Kim, Won Young Yang, Chung G. Kang,
“MIMO-OFDM Wireless Communications with MATLAB.” 2010.
[12] Mahdi Shabany, P. Glenn Gulak, “Scalable VLSI Architecture for K-Best Lattice Decoders.” in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst., pp. 940-943, May. 2008.
[13] S.-K. Lin, M.-T. Shiue, “Design of Configurable K-Best MIMO Detector for 2x2, 4x4 and 8x8 Data Streams.” National Central Uni-versity thesis, 2010.
[14] Ming-hao Lee, M.-T. Shiue, “Design of Scalable Soft-output MIMO Detector based on K-Best Algorithm.” National Central University thesis, 2012.
[15] C. Studer, A. Burg, and H. Bölcskei, “Soft-output sphere decoding: Algorithms and VLSI implementation.” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun.,vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 290–300, Feb. 2008.
[16] Sizhong Chen, Tong Zhang, Yan Xin, “Relaxed K-Best MIMO Signal Detector Design and VLSI Implementation.” IEEE Trans.
VLSI Syst., vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 328–337, Mar. 2007.
[17] Chun-Hao Liao, To-Ping Wang, and Tzi-Dar Chiueh, “A 74.8 mW soft-output detector IC for 8 × 8 spatial-multiplexing MIMO communications.” IEEE J. Solid State Circuits, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 411–421, Feb. 2010.
[18] D. Garrett, L. Davis, S.ten Brink, and B. Hochwald, “APP Processing for High Performance MIMO Systems.” in Proc. IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conf., San Jose, CA, pp. 271-274, Sept. 2003.
[19] Fred Ma and John Knight, “Convolution Codes.” Jan. 1999.
[20] M. Siti and M. Fitz, “A Novel Soft-output Layered Orthogonal Lattice Detector for Multiple Antenna Communications.” in IEEE International Conference on Communications, vol. 4, 2006.
[21] P. Bhagawat, R. Dash, and G. Choi, “Dynamically Reconfigurable Soft Output MIMO Detector.” in ICCD, pp. 68-73, 2008.
[22] Hockwald and S, t, Brink, “Achieving Near-Capacity on a Multiple-Antenna Channel.” IEEE Trans. Communications, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 389-399, Mar. 2003.
[23] T.-P. Wang and T.-D. Chiueh, “Design of a New Complex Sphere Decoder for Soft-Output MIMO Detector.” National Taiwan University Thesis, 2007.指導教授 薛木添(Muh-Tian Shiue) 審核日期 2015-7-22 推文 plurk
funp
live
udn
HD
myshare
netvibes
friend
youpush
delicious
baidu
網路書籤 Google bookmarks
del.icio.us
hemidemi
myshare