Megawatt 級合成氣固態氧化物燃料電池系統最佳化分析

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江文淵(Wen-Yuan Chiang) 查詢紙本館藏

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能源工程研究所

論文名稱

Megawatt 級合成氣固態氧化物燃料電池系統最佳化分析
(Optimal Analysis of Syngas Fed Solid Oxide Fuel Cell in Megawatt Systems)

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摘要(中)

本研究建立中溫質子傳導型固態氧化物燃料電池，利用Matlab搭配電化學模型計算燃料電池不同溫度下性能曲線，並應用商用軟體Simulink/Thermolib模擬不同系統配置各元件熱力學性質變化情形。本文系統入口端燃料有別於固態氧化物燃料電池常見的天然氣，以合成氣體取代之，同時利用產甲醇達到減碳之目的。本文一共有四個系統，其中系統A~C為產甲醇為主之系統，系統D為發電為主之系統。而操作變因為燃料當量比、Ratio數值(供應給燃料電池之比例)、水氣比例。
由於不同原料燃燒產生之合成氣體組成百分比不同，本研究將分成低氫氣型(40%H260%CO)與高氫氣型(80%H2+20%CO)並分成三大部分討論，(1)甲醇為主系統、(2)發電為主系統、(3)放大燃料電池發電量。
第一部分結果顯示，藉由適當氫氣分配搭配水煤氣轉化反應
器(Water Gas Shifting reactor)能提升系統效率，低氫氣型與高氫氣型分別提升21%和6%，同樣地，由於甲醇產量提升，低氫氣型與高氫氣型減碳率也分別提升15%和26%。第二部分結果顯示，將產甲醇為主系統中相同的燃料量，若改成完全發電之系統，低氫氣型與高氫氣型系統效率分別下降30%和23%。第三部分結果顯示，將燃料電池發電量由1 MW放大至100 MW，不管是低氫氣型或高氫氣型，系統效率都分別維持在57%和70%。

摘要(英)

In this study, an intermediate-temperature proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cell is established. The electrochemical models were computed for fuel cell using Matlab. Also, The thermodynamic properties of different configurations were studied by Simulink/Thermolib software. In this thesis, the possibility of replacing nature gas with syngas for SOFC is explained. Methanol production can reduce the carbon release to atmosphere. There are four systems which system A~C are methanol-based and system D is power-based in this study. The operating parameters are fuel stoichiometric、ratio(supply to fuel cell)、steam ratio.
The composition of syngas varies with amount of the fuel used for combustion. So, the composition of the hydrogen in fuel is varied from low (40%H260%CO) to high (80%H2+20%CO). Study is performed by considering three parts: (1) methanol-based system (2) power-based system (3) enlarging the fuel cell power output.
Firstly, in System C, the fuel is passed through the water gas shifting reaction and the efficiency of fuel cell increases by 6% and 21% for low and high concentrations of hydrogen in fuel, when compared to system A. Along with the methanol production, reduction of carbon in reaction also increases by 15 % and 26%, respectively, for low and high concentration of hydrogen in fuel. Secondly, The same fuel flowrate maintained in system C is also considered for system D, the efficiency of the system is decreased by 30% and 23%, respectively, for low and high concentration of hydrogen in fuel, when compared to system C. Finally, the above simulations were performed for the fuel cell having an output of 1MW power. It is depicted from simulations that system C shows better efficiency compared to the other systems. So, system C is chosen for 100 MW power generation simulations. Finally, the efficiency of system C for 100 MW power generation is 57% and 70%, respectively, for low and high concentrations of hydrogen in fuel.

關鍵字(中)

★ 固態氧化物燃料電池
★ 甲醇合成反應
★ 碳捕捉
★ 渦輪機

關鍵字(英)

★ Solid oxide fuel cell
★ Methanol reaction
★ Carbon capture
★ Turbine

論文目次

致謝 I
摘要 III
ABSTRACT V
目錄 VII
符號表 XVIII
一般符號 XVIII
希臘符號 XIX
上標及下標符號 XIX
第一章緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 固態氧化物燃料電池複合系統 9
1.2.1 固態氧化物燃料電池之工作原理 9
1.2.2 燃料電池極化損失現象 13
1.2.3 固態氧化物燃料電池結構 15
1.2.4 固態氧化物燃料電池系統 19
1.2.5 固態氧化物燃料電池的優缺點 20
1.2.6 熱回收系統 21
1.2.7 減碳系統 21
1.3 文獻回顧 22
1.3.1 SOFC 數學模型 22
1.3.2 SOFC系統 26
1.3.3 碳捕捉 28
1.4 研究動機與方向 31
第二章理論分析 34
2.1 問題描述與分析 34
2.2 系統模擬 34
2.2.1 固態氧化物燃料電池模型 34
2.2.2 壓縮機 40
2.2.3 混和器 41
2.2.4 重組/合成反應器 41
2.2.5 熱交換器 42
2.2.6 微氣渦輪機(Micro gas turbine, MGT) 44
2.2.7 後燃器 44
2.2.8 氫氣傳輸膜(Hydrogen transport membrane, HTM) 45
2.2.9 三向閥 45
2.2.10 電源轉換器 DC/AC 46
2.2.11 效率定義 46
2.3 參數條件 47
第三章程式驗證 49
3.1 程式驗證 49
第四章結果與討論 53
4.1 質子傳導型固化物燃料電池性能曲線 53
4.2 系統比較與分析: 56
4.2.1產甲醇為主之系統 61
4.2.1.1 燃料當量比對於系統的影響 61
4.2.1.2 燃料分配對於系統的影響 75
4.2.1.3 燃料分配搭配燃料回收對於系統的影響 88
4.2.2 發電為主系統之分析 101
4.2.3 放大系統發電量與甲醇產量之影響探討 118
4.2.4 系統比較 128
第五章結論與未來建議 129
5.1 結論 129
5.2未來建議 130
參考文獻 131
附錄 A 系統各節點之氣體組成表 138

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指導教授

曾重仁

審核日期

2016-7-5

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