稜鏡陣列立體拍攝系統優化設計

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朱浦毅(Pu-Yi Chu) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

光電科學與工程學系

論文名稱

稜鏡陣列立體拍攝系統優化設計
(Optimization design of stereo-photography system based on prism array)

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摘要(中)

本研究探討稜鏡陣列立體拍攝系統優化設計，採用優化技術結合CODE V光學軟體使用者自訂的巨集指令，來設計稜鏡陣列及光學鏡頭達到3D立體拍攝的目的。本文提出兩種設計方法，第一種為稜鏡陣列結合光學鏡頭優化設計，採用視角對稱式稜鏡陣列可以消除軸上色差，輔以光學鏡頭消除離軸色差；在消色差雙稜鏡陣列及光學鏡頭優化設計方面，結果顯示系統優化後的橫向色差最大值為1.3 μm，最大光學畸變絕對值為12.27%。第二種為通用型稜鏡陣列優化設計，此設計係固定鏡頭參數下僅對稜鏡陣列的參數進行優化設計，藉此設計可以適用於各式光學鏡頭，而為達此目的提出立體影像中心法(stereo-image center method)，可以增加稜鏡的視角且可降低色差。若再配合消色差雙片稜鏡陣列組設計，則可大幅降低色差。此外，本文也提出消畸變微結構稜鏡陣列的優化設計方法可以有效改善畸變。

摘要(英)

This study presents the optimization design of stereo-photography system based on prism array. The optimization technique combined with CODE V optical software user-defined macro function to design the prism array and optical lenses to achieve the purpose of 3D stereo-photography. In this dissertation, two optical design methods are proposed. The first one is the optimization design of prism array and optical lenses. The viewing-angle symmetric prism array can eliminate the on-axis chromatic aberration, and optical lenses eliminate the off-axis chromatic aberration. In the optimization design of achromatic dual-prism array and optical lenses, the results show that the optical system after optimization has the maximum lateral chromatic aberration of 1.3 m and the absolute maximum optical distortion of 12.27%. The second is an optimization design of general-purpose prism array. The design parameters of the optical lenses were fixed, the prism array was only used to optimize the system design, which can be applied for various types of optical lenses. To achieve this objective, a stereo-image center method was proposed to increase the viewing-angle and to reduce chromatic aberration. If the achromatic double-prism array design was used, the chromatic aberration could be reduced significantly. In addition, the optimization design of the distortion-reduced prism array with micro structure elements was also proposed to improve the distortion effectively.

關鍵字(中)

★ 優化設計
★ 稜鏡陣列
★ 立體拍攝
★ 立體影像中心
★ 色差
★ 畸變

關鍵字(英)

★ optimization design
★ prism array
★ stereo photography
★ stereo-image center
★ chromatic aberration
★ distortion

論文目次

目錄
中文摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 XI
緒論 1
1-1 研究動機與目的 1
1-2 文獻回顧 2
1-3 論文架構 5
立體拍攝系統 7
2-1 稜鏡式立體拍攝系統架構 7
2-2 符號定義 7
2-3 稜鏡頂角與偏向角 9
2-4 感測器 11
2-5 視場角與像高的關係 13
2-6 調製傳遞函數 14
2-7 畸變 16
2-7-1 光學畸變 16
2-7-2 視訊畸變 17
2-8 色差 18
2-8-1 縱向色差 18
2-8-2 橫向色差 19
優化設計 20
V
3-1 材料範圍的控制 20
3-1-1 虛擬玻璃 20
3-1-2 預設玻璃範圍 21
3-1-3 擴大範圍 26
3-1-4 模造玻璃 28
3-1-5 塑膠範圍 31
3-1-6 材料範圍總整 34
3-2 指令介紹 35
3-2-1 光線資料取得指令 35
3-2-2 鏡組資料取得指令 36
3-2-3 系統資料 36
3-3 色差控制 37
3-4 定心係數 39
3-5 視訊畸變控制 42
3-6 相對照度控制 50
3-6-1 參考光線定義 50
3-6-2 光線方向向量與方向餘弦量 51
3-6-3 投影立體角計算 51
3-6-4 介面穿透率計算 55
3-6-5 相對照度公式 58
稜鏡陣列立體拍攝系統設計 65
4-1 鏡頭與感測器 65
4-2 視角對稱式設計 65
4-3 單稜鏡陣列材料選取 66
4-4 單稜鏡陣列設計 70
VI
4-5 消色差稜鏡組材料選擇 72
4-6 立體拍攝影像品質分析 75
4-6-1 光學鏡頭(無稜鏡時)影像品質 75
4-6-2 單稜鏡陣列 77
4-6-3 消色差雙稜鏡設計 79
通用型稜鏡陣列優化設計 84
5-1 稜鏡頂角與稜鏡平面偏轉角 84
5-2 單稜鏡組設計 86
5-2-1 稜鏡設計 86
5-2-2 稜鏡最小偏向角 87
5-2-3 視角對稱式與SIC 法之設計結果比較 88
5-3 以SIC 法設計消色差型稜鏡陣列組 90
5-3-1 消色差稜鏡角度設計起始值計算 90
5-3-2 消色差型雙稜陣列組之設計結果 90
5-4 消畸變稜鏡設計 91
5-4-1 三維空間稜鏡計算 92
5-4-2 影像畸變成因 93
5-4-3 稜鏡陣列畸變校正 93
5-4-4 模型建立 94
5-4-5 消畸變微結構稜鏡陣列之模擬結果 97
結論 98
6-1 研究成果 98
6-2 未來展望 98
參考資料 99

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指導教授

孫文信(Wen-Shing Sun)

審核日期

2017-1-23

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