中高齡員工工作動機之探討

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馮蜀蕙(Shu-Hui Feng) 查詢紙本館藏

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人力資源管理研究所在職專班

論文名稱

中高齡員工工作動機之探討
(A study of the relationship between middle-aged and aged workers and work-related motivation)

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摘要(中)

中文摘要
論文名稱：中高齡員工與工作相關動機之探討
校所組別：國立中央大學人力資源管理研究所
研究生：馮蜀蕙
指導教授：林文政博士
本研究的主要目的在探討中高齡就業者與工作動機間的關聯性。由於中高齡就業者已是企業主要勞動力之一，且各國政府也鼓勵中高齡者繼續工作並延後退休制度。由西方學者研究中發現，中高齡員工因年齡增長，持續工作動機也越低；工作價值觀由「工具性價值」移轉為「目標性價值」；知識獲得目標轉變為情緒調節目標。但由台灣莊瑋亨(2015)的研究結果發現，台灣樣本對於中高年齡與持續工作動機間的關係呈正向相關，違背過去西方的研究結果。
因此，本研究希冀延續莊瑋亨(2015)的研究，進一步了解中高齡就業者的工作意願及動機，以利企業提出適合及有效的人力資源管理措施，也對未來中高齡相關之研究奠定基礎。
本研究主要探討勞動者年齡與持續工作動機、工作成長動機與追求機會動機三者間之關聯性。研究方法係以「生理(實足)年齡」為「自變項」，三項不同的工作動機為「依變項」進行研究。由迴歸分析結果發現：年齡與持續工作動機呈現顯著正向關係。因此取得莊瑋亨(2015) 資料再進行迴歸分析，並蒐集分析質性訪談所得資訊，均再次顯現與本研究相同之結論：「年齡越大，持續工作動機越強」。此一研究結論與西方學者之研究相反，也不符合社會情緒選擇理論，亦即年齡與未來時間觀、持續工作動機之間負向相關的看法。
本研究結果對於企業而言是正面、有價值的資訊，也值得未來有興趣的研究者更深入探討之。
關鍵詞：中高齡員工、持續工作動機、工作成長動機、追求機會動機

摘要(英)

A study of the relationship between middle-aged and aged workers and work-related motivation
Abstract

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between middle-aged and aged workers and work-related motivation, since middle-aged and aged workers have already become one of the major workforces of enterprises, and governments also encourage middle-aged and aged workers to continue working and change the policy to extend the retirement age schedule. Studies by Western scholars have found that middle-aged and aged workers are less motivated in working continuously because of their age. Consequently, work value is shifted from “instrumental values” to “terminal values”; “acquisition of knowledge goals” is transformed into “regulation of emotions goals”. However, the results of Chuang (2015), indicate that there was a positive relationship between middle-aged and aged workers and continuing work motivation in Taiwan, highlighting the conclusion that was contrary to western research results.
Therefore, I plan to extend the results of Chuang (2015) and that can give further understanding of the working motivation of middle-aged and aged workers, in order to provide the effective measurement of human resources management, as well as build the foundation for future research toward middle-aged and aged workers.
The study mainly discusses the relationship among continue to work, work growth and focus on opportunities., using physiological (practical) age to serve as independent, and three different motivations serving as dependent variables. The results of regression analysis show that there is a significant positive relationship between age and continue to work. Furthermore, we obtained the same findings as this thesis by analyzing the previous data of Chuang (2015), together with the present information from qualitative interviews: “The older you are, the more you want to continue to work.” Again, this result runs contrary to the study of western research, and is inconsistent with the Socioemotional Selectivity Theory: a negative relationship between age, future time perspective and continue to work.
The conclusions of this study are not only practically and valuable information for enterprises but also are academically important for further research.

Keywords: Middle-aged and aged workers, Continue to work, Work growth, Focus on Opportunities

關鍵字(中)

★ 中高齡員工
★ 持續工作動機
★ 工作成長動機
★ 追求機會動機

關鍵字(英)

★ Middle-aged and aged workers
★ Continue to work
★ Work growth
★ Focus on Opportunities

論文目次

目錄
中文摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iv
目錄 v
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 viii
一、緒論 1
1-1 研究背景 1
1-2 研究動機 2
1-3 研究目的 5
二、文獻探討 7
2-1 文獻探討 7
2-1-1 社會情緒選擇理論 7
2-1-2 以工作動機作為年齡的依變項 9
2-1-3 年齡 11
2-2 研究假設 12
2-2-1 年齡與持續工作動機的關係 12
2-2-2 年齡與工作成長動機的關係 13
2-2-3 年齡與追求機會動機的關係 13
三、研究方法 15
3-1 研究變項與架構 15
3-2 研究流程與對象 15
3-3 研究變項之操作性定義說明與測量方法 16
3-3-1 持續工作動機 16
3-3-2 工作成長動機 16
3-3-3 追求機會動機 17
3-3-4 控制變項 17
四、研究結果 18
4-1 資料來源、樣本結構分析與敘述性統計 18
4-2 問卷信效度分析 20
4-3 相關分析 21
4-4 階層迴歸分析 22
五、結論與建議 25
5-1 研究結論與討論 25
5-1-1 年齡與持續工作動機的關係: 28
5-1-2 年齡與工作成長及追求機會動機的關係: 30
5-2 研究貢獻 31
5-3 研究限制 32
5-4 研究建議 33
參考文獻 35

圖目錄
圖 1研究架構 15
表目錄
表 1 樣本分析種況 19
表 2 信度分析表 20
表 3研究變項之 pearson 相關分析表 21
表 4持續工作動機階層迴歸分析結果 22
表 5 工作成長動機階層迴歸分析結果 23
表 6 追求機會動機階層迴歸分析結果 24
表 7 研究假設彙整表 24

參考文獻

參考文獻
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指導教授

林文政(Wen-Jeng, Lin)

審核日期

2018-7-10

推文