2019年5月17-20日臺灣北部及中央山脈三起強降雨事件分析及模擬

以作者查詢圖書館館藏

、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士

、以作者查詢全國書目

、勘誤回報

、線上人數：23

、訪客IP：3.149.255.60

姓名

詹翔裕(Xiang-Yu Zhan) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

大氣科學學系

論文名稱

2019年5月17-20日臺灣北部及中央山脈三起強降雨事件分析及模擬
(Analysis and Simulations of the Heavy Rainfall Event over Northern Taiwan and Central Mountains Range During 17-20 May 2019)

相關論文

★ 宜蘭地區秋冬季降雨特性之研究	★ 台灣地區午後對流降水特性之分析
★ 台灣梅雨季中尺度對流系統之數值模擬研究-TAMEX IOP 8 個案	★ 利用整合探空系統分析南海北部大氣邊界層特性之研究
★ 中尺度波譜模式對梅雨期豪雨個案模擬之研究	★ 宜蘭地區秋冬季豪大雨特性之研究
★ 台灣東南部地區局部環流與邊界層特性之研究	★ 台灣東南部地區複雜地形局部環流的模擬研究
★ 宜蘭地區豪雨個案之研究	★ 台灣北部地區雨滴粒徑分佈特性與降雨估計之探討
★ 冬季雹暴個案之分析與模擬	★ 伴隨敏督利颱風的強烈西南氣流引發豪大雨之個案探討
★ 利用整合探空系統分析台灣東南部地區大氣邊界層特性之研究	★ 桃芝颱風(2001)數值模擬研究：颱風路徑與結構之模擬與分析
★ 利用雨滴譜儀分析不同降水系統之微物理特性研究	★ 台灣北部地區不同季節以及不同降水型態的雨滴粒徑分布特性

檔案

[Endnote RIS 格式]

[Bibtex 格式]

[相關文章]

[文章引用]

[完整記錄]

[館藏目錄]

[檢視]

[下載]

本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的，進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定，切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送，以免觸法。

摘要(中)

2019年5月17至19日，一道梅雨鋒面滯留於東海南側，並於20日開始向南移動並經過臺灣。該期間臺灣附近綜觀天氣條件有利對流發展，因此發生三起豪雨事件(5月17、18及20日)。本文使用觀測資料、再分析資料及數值模式研究此三日受同一道梅雨鋒面影響下，三起強降雨事件的發生機制以及地形效應的影響。除此之外，低層噴流(low-level jets, LLJs)對此三日的降雨影響甚大，本文亦探討各種低層噴流與對流發展之間的關係。
WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)模擬結果顯示，5月17日臺灣海峽北部靠臺灣一側的地形急流和靠華南一側的偏西風輻合，中尺度對流系統(mesoscale convective system, MCS)於海上不斷發展，此時臺灣海峽上對流層中低層(~700 hPa)存在綜觀尺度低層噴流(synoptic system-related low-level jet, SLLJ)，MCS受SLLJ影響下向東延伸至西北臺灣造成高強度降雨(~325 mm/7hr)。5月18日盛行風結合上坡風受地形抬升造成白天於中央山脈累積大量降雨(~423 mm/day)。5月20日原先滯留的鋒面開始向南移動，鋒面接近臺灣北部時，地形急流與鋒面低壓槽前氣旋式氣流導致的西北風輻合，產生對流系統並影響台北(~200 mm/4hr)，直到鋒面經過台北後，隨著乾冷偏北風移入，對流系統才開始消散。
本研究亦使用WRF進行地形作用的敏感度測試，移除以及增高地形實驗用來了解臺灣地形於降雨事件中所扮演的角色。在移除臺灣地形的實驗中，5月17及20日由地形阻擋效應產生的地形急流消失，降雨皆明顯減少；18日由於失去地形抬升作用，山區的降雨幾乎消失。地形增高實驗中將臺灣地形增高成1.5倍，結果顯示5月17及20日由於地形阻擋效應更明顯，地形急流強度、寬度及厚度增加，降雨發生的位置及強度因此改變；18日由地形阻擋效應產生於臺灣西部的高壓脊增強，盛行風遇高壓脊於西部沿海輻合抬升並造成降雨。

摘要(英)

Heavy rainfall events during early summer rainy season over Taiwan is an important issue because it usually causes severe disasters. During 17-20 May 2019, the synoptic wearher patterns are favorable for convections developing and a mei-yu front which is stranded in the southern part of the East China Sea moves south and passes through Taiwan. There are three heavy rainfall events with daily accumulative rainfall exceeding 200 mm, which occurred in northwestern Taiwan on 17 May, central mountainous area on 18 May and northern Taiwan on 20 May respectively. This study focuses on the formation and development mechanisms of these three heavy rainfall events and the interaction between low-level jets (LLJs) and convection systems. In addition, the role of terrain effects will also be discussed in this study.
On 17 May, the barrier jet over northwestern Taiwan converges with the westerly wind in front of the mei-yu front over northern Taiwan Strait, as a result, the mesoscale convective system (MCS) develops over the ocean. With the synoptic system-related low-level jet (SLLJ) exists around 700 hPa, the MCS extends to the northwestern area of Taiwan, causing the heavy rainfall event over Taoyuan and Hsinchu coast areas. On 18 May, the prevailing wind combining with upslop wind is lifted by central mountains range (CMR), resulting in heavy rainfall over the mountainous area during daytime. On 20 May, as the front moves closely to Taiwan, the barrier jet converges with the northwesterly wind and convections are present over Taipei and causing considerable precipitation.
Several sensitivity experiments of terrain effect are performed. With the model terrain removed (NT run) and increased (1.5H run), the rainfall distribution and the amount of the accumulated rainfall are evidently distinct. On 17 and 20 May, the barrier jet over northwestern area of Taiwan is disappeared in NT run and stronger in 1.5H run. On 18 May, the orographic lifting effect by CMR is disappeared in NT run and the orographic blocking effect of CMR is obvious in 1.5H run. The accumulative rainfall on 17 May is weaker in NT run and slightly shifts northernly in 1.5H run; it decreases and shifts to eastern Taiwan in NT run and shifts to western coast in 1.5H run on 18 May; rainfall over northern Taiwan is not present in NT run and decreases in 1.5H run on 20 May.
In summary, the barrier jet plays an important role for heavy rainfall events over northern Taiwan on 17 and 20 May cases and the SLLJ influences the movement of the MCS on 17 May case. 18 May case shows the localized diunal circulation is important for the precipitation over mountainous area. During 17-20 May, a boundary layer jet (BLJ) along South China coast over South China Sea is present, playing an important role on moisture transport. In addition, as the upstream wind for Taiwan, the intensity of the barrier jet might depend on it. Consequently, it can be researched in future probably.

關鍵字(中)

★ 梅雨季
★ 強降雨事件
★ 低層噴流
★ 地形效應
★ 數值模式

關鍵字(英)

★ mei-yu
★ heavy rainfall event
★ low-level jet
★ terrain effect
★ numerical model

論文目次

摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 IV
目錄 V
圖目錄 VIII
一、緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 個案時間及研究動機 2
二、資料及研究方法 3
2.1 研究使用資料 3
2.1.1 地面天氣圖 3
2.1.2 CWB局屬測站及自動測站逐時資料 3
2.1.3 累積雨量圖 3
2.1.4 地面溫度圖 3
2.1.5 雷達回波合成圖 4
2.1.6 紅外線色調強化雲圖 4
2.1.7 歐洲中期預報中心再分析資料 4
2.1.8 美國國家環境預測中心分析資料 4
2.2 模式介紹及模式設定 5
2.3 實驗設計 6
三、天氣概況分析 7
3.1 綜觀尺度天氣分析 7
3.1.1 五月十七日中尺度對流系統個案 7
3.1.2 五月十八日地形抬升效應個案 8
3.1.3 五月二十日鋒面個案 8
3.2 強降雨事件觀測分析 9
3.2.1 五月十七日中尺度對流系統個案 9
3.2.2 五月十八日地形抬升效應個案 10
3.2.3 五月二十日鋒面個案 10
四、數值模擬 11
4.1 綜觀尺度天氣模擬結果及分析 11
4.1.1 五月十七日中尺度對流系統個案 11
4.1.2 五月十八日地形抬升效應個案 12
4.1.3 五月二十日鋒面個案 12
4.2 強降雨事件模擬結果及分析 12
4.2.1 五月十七日中尺度對流系統個案 13
4.2.2 五月十八日地形抬升效應個案 14
4.2.3 五月二十日鋒面個案 16
4.3 地形敏感度測試 18
4.3.1 移除地形實驗 18
4.3.1.1 五月十七日中尺度對流系統個案 18
4.3.1.2 五月十八日地形抬升效應個案 19
4.3.1.3 五月二十日鋒面個案 19
4.3.2 地形增高實驗 20
4.3.2.1 五月十七日中尺度對流系統個案 20
4.3.2.2 五月十八日地形抬升效應個案 20
4.3.2.3 五月二十日鋒面個案 21
五、探討 23
六、結論與未來展望 25
6.1 結論 25
6.2 未來展望 27
6.2.1 華南沿海邊界層噴流 27
6.2.2 西南平原強降雨 27
參考文獻 29

參考文獻

陳泰然與楊進賢，1988:臺灣梅雨季豪雨之時空分布特徵。大氣科學，16，151-162。
Berrisford, P., Dee, D., Poli, P., Brugge, R., Fielding, K., Fuentes, M., Kallberg, P., Kobayashi, S., Uppala, S. and Simmons, A., 2011: The ERA-Interim archive, version 2.0. ERA report series. 1. Technical Report. ECMWF pp23.
Chen, F., and J. Dudhia, 2001: Coupling an Advanced Land Surface-Hydrology Model with the Penn State–NCAR MM5 Modeling System. Part I: Model Implementation and Sensitivity. Mon. Wea. Rev., 129, 569-585.
Chen, G. T.-J., 1994: On the heavy rainfall research in the Taiwan mei-yu season (in Chinese with an English abstract). Atmos. Sci., 22, 455-477.
Chen, G. T.-J., and C.-C. Yu, 1988: Study of low-level jet and extremely heavy rainfall over northern Taiwan in the mei-yu season. Mon. Wea. Rev., 116, 884-891.
Chen, Y.-L., X. A. Chen, and Y.-Z. Zhang, 1994: A diagnostic study of the low-level jet during TAMEX IOP 5. Mon. Weather Rev., 122, 2257-2284,
Chen, Y.-L., Y.-J. Chu, C.-S. Chen, C.-C. Tu, J.-H. Teng, and P.-L. Lin, 2018: Analysis and simulations of a heavy rainfall event over northern Taiwan during 11- 12 June 2012. Mon. Weather Rev., 146, 2697-2715.
Du, Y., and G. Chen, 2018: Heavy rainfall associated with double low-level jets over southern China. Part I: Ensemble-based analysis. Mon. Wea. Rev., 146, 3827-3844.
Du, Y., and G. Chen, 2019: Climatology of Low-Level Jets and Their Impact on Rainfall over Southern China during the Early-Summer Rainy Season. J. Climate, 32, 8813-8833.
Du, Y., and G. Chen, 2019: Heavy rainfalls associated with double low-level jets over southern China. Part II: Convection initiation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 147, 543-565.
Du, Y., Q. H.Zhang, Y. L.Chen, Y. Y.Zhao, and X.Wang, 2014: Numerical simulations of spatial distributions and diurnal variations of low-level jets in China during early su mmer. J. Climate, 27, 5747-5767.
Du, Y., Y.-L.Chen, and Q.Zhang, 2015a: Numerical simulations of the boundary layer jet off the southeastern coast of China. Mon. Wea. Rev., 143, 1212-1231.
Dudhia, J., 1989: Numerical study of convection observed during the winter monsoon experiment using a mesoscale two-dimensional model. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3077-3107.
Hong, S.-Y., Y. Noh, and J. Dudhia, 2006: A New Vertical Diffusion Package with an Explicit Treatment of Entrainment Processes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 2318-2341.
Kain, J. S., 2004: The Kain-Fritsch Convective Parameterization: An Update. J. Appl. Meteor., 43, 170-181.
Ke, C.-Y.; Chung, K.-S.; Wang, T.-C.C.; Liou, Y.-C. Analysis of heavy rainfall and barrier-jet evolution during Mei-Yu season using multiple doppler radar retrievals: A case study on 11 June 2012. Tellus A Dyn. Meteorol. Oceanogr., 71, 1–21.
Kerns, B. W. J., Y.-L.Chen, and M.-Y.Chang, 2010: The diurnal cycle of winds, rain, and clouds over Taiwan during the mei-yu, su mmer, and autumn rainfall regimes. Mon. Wea. Rev., 138, 497-516.
Li, J., and Y.-L.Chen, 1998: Barrier jets during TAMEX. Mon. Wea. Rev., 126, 959-971.
Mlawer, E. J., S. J. Taubman, P. D. Brown, M. J. Iacono, and S. A. Clough, 1997: Radiative transfer for inhomogeneous atmospheres: RRTM, a validated correlatedk model for the longwave. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 16663-16682.
Tao, W.-K., and Coauthors, 2003: Microphysics, radiation and surface processes in the Goddard Cumulus Ensemble (GCE) model. Meteorog. Atmos. Phys., 82, 97-137.
Tu, C.-C., Y.-L.Chen, C.-S.Chen, P.-L.Lin, and P.-H.Lin, 2014: A comparison of two heavy rainfall events during the Terrain-Influenced Monsoon Rainfall Experiment (TiMREX) 2008. Mon. Wea. Rev., 142, 2436-2463.
Tu, C.-C., Y.-L.Chen, S.-Y.Chen, Y.-H.Kuo, and P.-L.Lin, 2017: Impacts of including rain-evaporative cooling in the initial conditions on the prediction of a coastal heavy rainfall event during TiMREX. Mon. Wea. Rev., 145, 253-277.
Tu, C.-C., Y.-L. Chen, P.-L. Lin, and Y. Du, 2019: Characteristics of the marine boundary layer jet over the South China Sea during the early su mmer rainy season of Taiwan. Mon. Wea. Rev., 147, 457-475.
Tu, C.-C., Y.-L. Chen, P.-L. Lin, and P.-H. Lin, 2020: The relationship between the boundary layer moisture transport from the South China Sea and heavy rainfall over Taiwan. Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci., 31, 159-176.
Yeh, H.-C., and Y.-L. Chen, 1998: Characteristics of the rainfall distribution over Taiwan during TAMEX. J. Appl. Meteor., 37, 1457-1469.

指導教授

林沛練(Pay-Liam Lin)

審核日期

2020-8-20

推文