SVC視訊串流於IEEE 802.16e網路跨多層QoS最佳化傳輸特性之研究

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許瓊芳(Chiung-fang Hsu) 查詢紙本館藏

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通訊工程學系

論文名稱

SVC視訊串流於IEEE 802.16e網路跨多層QoS最佳化傳輸特性之研究
(A Study of QoS Optimized Cross Multi-layer Transmission for SVC Coded Video Stream over IEEE 802.16e Network)

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摘要(中)

Scalable Video Coding(SVC)是延伸於H.264/AVC影像編碼技術，不但擁有低位元輸出率、高抗錯性能和網路友善性等優點，還採用分層編碼概念將不同特性的bit-stream送到IP網路上。因為擁有網路友善性機制，使之非常適合應用在異質網路。另外，SVC提供三種可調性：空間、時間與訊噪比可調性，因此可以根據網路狀況與用戶端的裝置動態調整最適當的bit-stream。
　　即使H.264視訊封包的標頭會告知其封包的重要性資訊，但現存的OSI分層模型中MAC層和PHY層無法辨別應用層視訊封包的重要性，因此當網路流量開始壅塞，容易發生因遺失對影片影響度較大的視訊封包而導致視訊品質劇烈下降的情形。
　　因此，本文提出在IEEE 802.16e網路之跨多層機制使應用層中不同重要度的視訊封包能映射到網路層、MAC層，使MAC層能辨別視訊封包的重要性而給予相對應的服務品質保證。由實驗數據得知，如此架構可以大大提升用戶端的視訊品質。

摘要(英)

The Scalable Video Coding (SVC) is extended from the H.264/AVC video coding standard. It is very suitable for deployed on diverse access networks because of its network-friendly nature. Besides, by means of the spatial, temporal and quality scalabilities of SVC, a terminal station would receive the best suitable combination of these layer representations according to the radio channel condition and the capacity of the specific terminal station dynamically.
Under the concept of layer-separation of the OSI layer model, however, existing access network techniques would be upper layer unaware, that is, the PHY and MAC layer could not recognize the importance of dependency implied to each NAL Unit in decoding process. Thus, while the traffic loading in the access network becomes heavy, the video quality would degrade dramatically due to the upper layer-unaware nature of the existing systems.
Here, we propose a cross multi-layer mechanism to let the MAC layer of a IEEE 802.16e network system become aware to the importance of decoding dependency of each NAL Unit and make a suitable decision to the corresponding resource allocation. According to the simulation results, it is obvious that the video quality would be improved significantly.

關鍵字(中)

★ 可調性視訊編碼
★ 服務品質
★ 全球微波存取互通介面標準

關鍵字(英)

★ Scalable Video Coding
★ QoS
★ WiMAX

論文目次

中文摘要................................................I
英文摘要...............................................II
誌謝..................................................III
目錄...................................................IV
圖目錄................................................VII
表目錄..................................................X
第1章　緒論.............................................1
1.1　前言...............................................1
1.2　相關研究...........................................2
1.3　研究動機...........................................4
1.4　論文架構...........................................5
第2章　網際網路視訊應用服務.............................6
2.1　H.264/SVC可調性視訊編碼技術........................7
2.1.1　視訊編碼層(Video Coding Layer)...................8
2.1.1.1　畫面內預測(Intra-Frame Prediction).............9
2.1.1.2　畫面間預測(Inter-Frame Prediction)............11
2.1.2　網路提取層(Network Abstraction Layer)...........12
2.1.2.1　NAL-unit......................................13
2.1.2.2　Access Unit...................................16
2.1.2.3　SEI和Parameter Set............................17
2.1.3　時間可調性(Temporal Scalability)................17
2.1.4　空間可調性(Spatial Scalability).................18
2.1.5　訊噪比可調性(SNR Scalability)...................19
2.2　傳輸協定..........................................20
2.2.1　即時傳輸協定(RTP)...............................20
2.2.2　網際網路協定(IP)................................22
2.3　IEEE 802.16e網路技術..............................24
2.3.1　實體層..........................................25
2.3.2　MAC層...........................................25
第3章　視訊封包優先權與跨層服務品質研究................29
3.1　可調性視訊封包優先權映射之設計....................30
3.1.1　結合時間與訊噪比可調性的優先權等級配置..........32
3.1.2　結合時間與空間可調性的優先權等級配置............34
3.1.3　QoS Mapping Algorithm...........................36
3.2　SVC於IEEE 802.16e跨多層服務品質對應...............39
第4章　實驗結果與討論..................................43
4.1　模擬環境架構......................................43
4.1.1　視訊伺服器參數設定..............................44
4.1.2　網路模擬環境說明及參數設定......................45
4.2　跨多層服務品質架構效能分析........................46
第5章　結論與未來研究..................................55
參考文獻...............................................56

參考文獻

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指導教授

吳中實(Jung-shyr Wu)

審核日期

2009-7-21

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