單源熱蒸鍍製備CsPbBr3無機鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之研究

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陳致堯(Zi-Yu Chen) 查詢紙本館藏

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能源工程研究所

論文名稱

單源熱蒸鍍製備CsPbBr3無機鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之研究
(Inorganic CsPbBr3 Perovskite Solar Cell by Single-source Vacuum Deposition)

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2024-8-1以後開放)

摘要(中)

有機-無機鈣鈦礦太陽能電池雖然有很高的效率，但由於其對光、熱及溼氣的穩定性較差，近年轉而對無機的CsPbX3系列感興趣，而其中CsPbBr3具有最好的耐候性。目前研究的製程主要有旋塗和蒸鍍，可是旋塗缺點是無法大面積製造及均勻性較差，而蒸鍍的方法幾乎都是使用雙源蒸鍍PbBr2及CsBr，但參考我們實驗室在之前對CsPbBr3的研究，單源熱蒸鍍CsPbBr3粉末可得到更高純度的CsPbBr3薄膜。因此本研究使用單源熱蒸鍍方式，製作FTO/c-TiO2/m-TiO2/CsPbBr3/碳膠的鈣鈦礦太陽能電池。
起初參考本實驗室過去的研究，更換主動層為單源熱蒸鍍的CsPbBr3薄膜，製作FTO/c-TiO2/m-TiO2/CsPbBr3/spiro-OMeTAD/Ag鈣鈦礦太陽能電池。在研究過程中，我們發現即使XRD檢測薄膜中只有CsPbBr3的特徵峰，但製作出來的電池卻沒有效率，而後利用正確的熱退火溫度與時間，得到有效率的電池，但還是有表面破洞嚴重及穩定性差等缺點。其中穩定性差主要原因為有機的電洞傳輸層spiro-OMeTAD，為了匹配能階且具有電洞傳輸能力，將Ag電極換成碳膠電極，變成無機的鈣鈦礦太陽能電池。
之後我們也發現單源熱蒸鍍CsPbBr3粉末會因為熔點的關係，會有Pb多的部分像是CsPb2Br5等會影響電性的相在底層，在熱退火時雖然能轉變成CsPbBr3，可是卻會產生破洞，而當在CsPbBr3層前加入CsBr層，則能得到完整的CsPbBr3薄膜，在經過CsBr添加與熱退火時間調整後，最後得到Voc=1.56V、Jsc=4.89mA/cm2、FF=78.17%以及PCE=5.95%的無機鈣鈦礦太陽能電池，在相對溼度40%以下的環境下經過840小時，依然保有94%原始效率，並使用UV-visible、SEM、EIS、TRPL等儀器來分析最佳效率電池，確認CsPbBr3層具有純CsPbBr3相、較大晶粒尺寸、垂直方向為單顆晶粒厚度、高品質無破洞等優點。

摘要(英)

Recently, scientists have applied perovskite materials to solar cell、LEDs and other optoelectronic devices because of their excellent photoelectric properties. As far as we know, organic perovskite has high photoelectric conversion efficiency, but its weather resistance is quite poor. Therefore, in our study we use inorganic perovskite CsPbBr3 with better stability to make perovskite solar cell. And then, we build perovskite solar cell structure as FTO/c-TiO2/m-TiO2/CsPbBr3/carbon.
We found single-source evaporation CsPbBr3 has Pb rich phenomenon in the bottom layer. Through annealing time and CsBr added thickness adjustment, single-source vacuum deposition CsPbBr3 solar cell reach Voc=1.56V、Jsc=4.89mA/cm2、FF=78.17, and PCE=5.95%. At last, we use UV-visible, SEM, EIS, TRPL to analyze the best efficiency solar cell. And the best solar cell maintain the original efficiency of 94% in an environment with a humidity of 40%.

關鍵字(中)

★ 單源熱蒸鍍
★ 無機鈣鈦礦
★ 太陽能電池
★ 鈣鈦礦

關鍵字(英)

★ CsPbBr3
★ Inorganic CsPbBr3 Perovskite
★ Solar Cell
★ Single-source Vacuum Deposition

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract ii
致謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 viii
表目錄 xi
第1章緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 太陽能電池的分類 2
1-2-1 矽太陽能電池 2
1-2-2 多元化合物太陽能電池 3
1-2-2 有機太陽能電池 3
1-3 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 3
1-4 有機鈣鈦礦太陽能電池發展 4
1-5 無機鈣鈦礦太陽能電池發展 6
1-5-1 CsPbI2Br無機鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 6
1-5-2 CsPbI3無機鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 9
1-6 CsPbBr3材料探討 10
1-6-1 旋塗法製備CsPbBr3無機鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 11
1-6-2 蒸鍍法製備CsPbBr3無機鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 14
1-6-3 改善熱退火之蒸鍍法CsPbBr3無機鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 15
1-6-4 改變電洞傳輸層之CsPbBr3無機鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 18
1-6-5 其他CsPbBr3之無機鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 20
1-6-6 改變CsPbBr3蒸鍍法之無機鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 21
1-7 研究動機 24
第2章實驗方法 25
2-1 實驗材料及儀器 25
2-1-1 實驗材料 25
2-1-2 實驗儀器 26
2-2 實驗步驟 27
2-2-1 FTO導電玻璃基板清洗 27
2-2-2 二氧化鈦(TiO2)緻密層合成與塗佈 27
2-2-3 二氧化鈦(TiO2)介孔層合成與塗佈 27
2-2-4 CsPbBr3蒸鍍 27
2-2-5 碳膠刮塗 27
2-3 實驗分析方式 27
第3章結果與討論 29
3-1 CsPbBr3電池製作 29
3-1-1 CsPbBr3層分析方法 29
3-1-2 UPS分析CsPbBr3電池各層能階配比 30
3-2 熱退火處理CsPbBr3膜 34
3-3 銀電極換成碳膠電極 36
3-4 改善電池表面凹陷情形 37
3-5 最佳效率電池分析 43
3-5-1 UV-visible分析 44
3-5-2 EQE量測 45
3-5-3 SEM上視圖分析 46
3-5-4 EIS量測 47
3-5-5 TRPL分析 48
3-5-6 耐候性分析 49
第4章結論 50
參考文獻 51

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指導教授

詹佳樺(Chia-Hua Chan)

審核日期

2021-1-29

推文