石門水庫集水區降雨逕流模擬

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葉宗泰(Tsung-Tai Yeh) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

石門水庫集水區降雨逕流模擬
(Simulation on the Rainfall-Runoff Process in Shihmen Watershed)

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摘要(中)

本研究主要建立水庫集水區降雨逕流模式，模式中將二維逕流模式及一維河川模式結合，針對颱洪降雨事件進行集水區水文。模式以水文方程式為連續方程式，曼寧公式為動量方程式，輔以數值地形模型(Digital Terrain Model，DTM)之數值高程為基本資料建構分散式(Distributed-parameter)數值模式，以應用於水庫集水區。
以石門水庫集水區為研究範圍，分別考慮不同DTM解析度、演算時距大小、不同河道斷面修正方式及空間降雨估計方式進行模擬檢定。結果顯示模式於網格間距160公尺、演算時距10秒以下、平均坡度設定之河道斷面高程及徐昇氏多邊形法所得之降雨資料於模式中有較佳之模擬結果。

摘要(英)

This study combined one-dimensional river model and two-dimensional runoff model to simulate surface runoff and channel flow of a reservoir watershed during typhoons. The continuity equations of both runoff and river modules were described by the distributed water-budget. The momentum transfer of water was estimated by the Manning’s equations.
The Shihmen reservoir was selected as the domain of interest. Different spatial resolutions, time step sizes, channel bottom gradients and cross-sections, spatial rainfall distributions were considered for simulations. Results of the current model showed a DEM resolution of 160 m, a time step size of less than 10 second, and average-slope approach of channel bottom gradient, and Thiessen polygons approximation of rainfall can provide a better solution for the Shiehmen watershed.

關鍵字(中)

★ 降雨逕流模式
★ 石門水庫

關鍵字(英)

★ Shihmen Reservoir
★ precipitation-runoff model

論文目次

中文摘要……………………………………………………………. Ⅰ
英文摘要……………………………………………………………. Ⅱ
目錄…………………………………………………………………. Ⅲ
表目錄………………………………………………………………. Ⅵ
圖目錄………………………………………………………………. Ⅶ
符號表………………………………………………………………. Ⅸ
第一章緒論
1.1 前言…………………………………………………….. 1
1.2 研究目的與方法……………………………………….. 2
1.3 本文架構……………………………………………….. 2
第二章文獻回顧
2.1 流向判定……………………………………………….. 5
2.1.1相關研究…………………………………………… 6
2.2 一維河川模式………………………………………….. 7
2.3 二維漫地流模式……………………………………….. 7
2.3.1相關研究…………………………………………… 7
2.3.2相關模式…………………………………………… 8
第三章理論分析
3.1 一維河川模式………………………………………….. 11
3.1.1控制方程式………………………………………… 11
3.2 二維漫地流模式……………………………………….. 13
3.2.1 控制方程式………………………………………... 13
3.2.2 計算方法…………………………………………... 14
3.2.3 初始及邊界條件…………..……………………… 15
3.3二維漫地流與一維河川之結合……………………….. 15
3.3.1 一、二維交界處之計算…………………………... 16
3.3.2 匯流處之計算……………………………………... 16
3.3.3 模式銜接…………...…….……………….……….. 17
第四章模式於石門水庫之應用
4.1 研究區域基本資料…………………………………….. 23
4.1.1 DTM數值地形……………………………………. 23
4.1.2 土地利用資料…………………………………….. 24
4.2 庫區界定……………………………………………….. 24
4.3 河川斷面資料………………………………………….. 25
4.4 降雨資料……………………………………………….. 26
第五章模式之檢定與驗證
5.1 檢定庫容水位曲線……………………….…………… 46
5.2 檢定河道斷面資料……………………….……………. 47
5.2.1檢定河川斷面高程之設定方式…………………… 47
5.2.2河川斷面高程之曼寧粗糙係數…………………… 48
5.3 檢定最適解析度………………………….……………. 48
5.3.1最適之解析度……………………………………… 48
5.3.2最適之地表曼寧粗糙係數…………………………. 49
5.4 檢定最適演算時距……………………….……………. 49
5.5 檢定最適降雨資料……………………….……………. 50
5.6模式驗證………………………………………………... 51
第六章結論與建議
6.1 結論…………………………………………………….. 62
6.2 建議…………………………………………………….. 63
參考文獻……………………………………………………………. 64

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指導教授

吳瑞賢(Ray-Shyan Wu)

審核日期

2003-7-9

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