高完整性盛裝容器用活性粉混凝土配比及工程性質試驗研究

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姓名

吳明福(Ming-Fu Wu) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

高完整性盛裝容器用活性粉混凝土配比及工程性質試驗研究

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摘要(中)

在多重障壁設計概念中，高完整性盛裝容器之服務年限需長達數百年之久，考量未來國內低放射性廢棄物最終處置場之廠址可能位於濱海區域，高完整性盛裝容器長期處於此環境下，對混凝土所造成之劣化與耐久性的影響相當顯著。
本研究延續先前研究團隊以活性粉混凝土製作低放射性廢棄物盛裝容器之配比參數、以振動60秒方式製作試體及利用90℃熱水養護一天。為提升活性粉混凝土運用於盛裝容器之工程性質及容器品質，首先針對石英砂含量及鋼纖維含量進行參數調整，決定參數最佳添加量之後，再降低水膠比，並分別進行抗壓強度、彈性模數、抗彎強度、直接拉力、劈裂強度和耐衝擊等硬固性質試驗，以及孔隙率、表面電阻率、超音波波速和乾燥收縮等耐久性質試驗。而試驗結果顯示，石英砂含量及鋼纖維含量分別於1.2及2.0%之耐久性質表現較為優異，水膠比則降低至0.18具有良好的硬固及耐久性質，為三組配比(W/B = 0.20、0.18及0.16)中的最佳化配比，並將最佳配比之各項試驗結果與國內外盛裝容器參考標準及規範進行比較皆符合要求標準值，顯示活性粉混凝土配比運用於高完整性盛裝容器上的潛力。
採用超音波波速試驗進行耐久性質檢測，此為非破壞性檢測方式，為提供後續盛裝容器檢測，與表面電阻率和孔隙率進行迴歸分析呈現高度相關性，顯示超音波波速能作為日後盛裝容器檢驗方法之一；將直接拉力強度及抗彎強度兩者與劈裂強度進行迴歸分析也呈現高度相關性，因此可透過劈裂試驗作為簡易快速評估活性粉混凝土之抗裂能力。

摘要(英)

The low-radioactive waste container concrete is different from the general concrete and must be considered for a longer period of durability.
This research continues the previous research team using reactive powder concrete to make low-level radioactive waste containers with mixing parameters, vibrating for 60 seconds to make specimens, and curing with hot water at 90℃ for one day. To improve the engineering properties and container quality of the reactive powder concrete used in the container, the parameters of the silica sand content and the steel fiber content are first adjusted, and the optimal addition amount of the parameters is determined, then the water-binder ratio is reduced, and the hardness tests such as compressive strength, elastic modulus, bending strength, direct tension, splitting strength, and impact resistance, as well as durability tests such as porosity, surface resistivity, ultrasonic pulse velocity, and drying shrinkage. The test results show that the silica sand and steel fiber content performed better at 1.2 and 2.0%, respectively, and the water-to-binder ratio was reduced to 0.18 to achieve the optimal ratio, showing the potential of the reactive powder concrete ratio to be used in high-integrity containers.
Ultrasonic pulse velocity test is used for durability quality inspection. To provide subsequent container inspection, it is highly correlated with surface resistivity and porosity in regression analysis, showing that ultrasonic pulse velocity can be used as a future container inspection as one of the methods. Regression analysis of both the direct tensile strength and the flexural strength and the splitting strength also shows a high correlation., so the splitting test can be used to evaluate the crack resistance of reactive powder concrete.

關鍵字(中)

★ 高完整性盛裝容器
★ 活性粉混凝土
★ 直接拉力強度
★ 超音波波速

關鍵字(英)

★ Highly Integrated Container
★ Reactive Powder Concrete
★ Direct Tensile Strength
★ Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity

論文目次

摘要 I
ABSTRACT III
誌謝 V
目錄 VII
圖目錄 XIII
表目錄 XXI
第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究目的 1
1.3 研究內容 2
第二章文獻回顧 4
2.1 低放射性廢棄物 4
2.1.1 低放射性廢棄物來源 4
2.1.2 低放射性廢棄物分類與處置 5
2.2 低放射性廢棄物最終處置場概述 7
2.2.1 國外低放射性廢棄物最終處置設施案例 9
2.2.2 國內低放射性廢棄物最終處置設施案例 18
2.3 高完整性盛裝容器用混凝土 20
2.3.1 國際原子能總署 20
2.3.2 法國 21
2.3.3 美國 24
2.3.4 斯洛伐克 25
2.3.5 日本 27
2.3.6 臺灣 28
2.3.7 中國 30
2.4 活性粉混凝土 31
2.4.1 基本設計原理 31
2.4.2 活性粉混凝土材料運用參數 33
2.4.3 添加材料對混凝土性質之影響 34
2.5 影響抗壓強度之因素 40
2.6 鋼纖維含量對劈裂強度之影響 42
2.7 影響抗彎強度之因素 44
2.8 添加鋼纖維對抗拉強度之影響 47
2.9 添加鋼纖維對表面電阻率之影響 50
2.10 影響孔隙率之因素 51
2.11 影響乾燥收縮之因素 53
2.12 影響超音波波速之因素 54
2.13 影響耐衝擊試驗之因素 55
第三章實驗材料與規劃 59
3.1 實驗材料 59
3.2 實驗設備 65
3.3 實驗內容及方法 75
3.3.1 實驗流程 75
3.3.2 實驗變數 79
3.3.3 實驗方法 81
第四章配比參數實驗結果與分析 94
4.1 石英砂添加比例 94
4.1.1 流度試驗 94
4.1.2 抗壓強度試驗 96
4.1.3 孔隙率試驗 97
4.1.4 表面電阻率試驗 98
4.1.5 超音波波速試驗 100
4.2 鋼纖維添加比例 104
4.2.1 流度試驗 104
4.2.2 抗壓強度試驗 105
4.2.3 劈裂強度試驗 106
4.2.4 抗彎強度試驗 107
4.2.5 直接拉力試驗 109
4.2.6 耐衝擊試驗 111
4.2.7 孔隙率試驗 114
4.2.8 表面電阻率試驗 115
4.2.9 超音波波速試驗 117
4.2.10 乾燥收縮試驗 119
第五章盛裝容器配比研發及品質提升之成效 121
5.1 流度試驗 121
5.2 抗壓強度試驗 122
5.3 彈性模數試驗 125
5.4 劈裂強度試驗 126
5.5 耐衝擊試驗 128
5.6 孔隙率試驗 130
5.7 表面電阻率試驗 131
5.8 超音波波速試驗 133
5.9 乾燥收縮試驗 135
5.10 綜合成效分析 136
5.10.1 抗壓強度統計分析 136
5.10.2 硬固性質試驗之迴歸分析 138
5.10.3 耐久性質試驗之迴歸分析 140
第六章結論與建議 143
6.1 結論 143
6.2 建議 144
參考文獻 145

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指導教授

黃偉慶(Wei-Hsing Huang)

審核日期

2021-9-30

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