歐規LED車頭燈反射杯製作材料表現之分析

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姓名

鄭長坤(Chang-Kun Zheng) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

光電科學與工程學系

論文名稱

歐規LED車頭燈反射杯製作材料表現之分析
(Analysis of The Reflector Material Performance for ECE LED Headlamps)

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2025-8-1以後開放)

摘要(中)

此論文中，將會先詳述歐洲的自行車法規，並分析市面上適合用於車燈設計之高功率發光二極體 (Light-emitting diode, 簡稱LEDs)。在選擇完合適的LEDs光源後，我們會以該LEDs光源進行二次光學設計，並說明其設計理念與結果。而本論文之研究重點除了探討通過歐規之自行車車燈設計外，還有製作材料之選擇對於光學表現之影響。我們針對以PC、PMMA為材料之打樣品進行分析，透過自行車法規近燈測試、物理與熱特性、公差容忍度、雜散光來源四種方式驗證，PMMA搭配蒸鍍之結果可以更貼近設計模擬時的情況，並證實反射杯會因為熱應力而產生段面彎曲，進而導致法規暗區之亮度提高，嚴重時更會產生眩光及無法通過法規。本論文最後一章將統整所有分析與經驗，並於ASAP光學模擬軟體中完整建立雜散光模型。透過本論文建立之雜散光模型，在未來進行自行車車燈光學設計時，可以同時預測實際打樣時的表現，同時達到精確、快速、節省成本等優勢。

摘要(英)

In this thesis, the European bicycle regulations will be detailed and illustrated first. Then we will analyze the high-power light-emitting diodes (LEDs) suitable for the design of lights on the market. After selecting the appropriate LEDs light source, we will carry out the secondary optical design with the LEDs light source and explain its design concept and results. The research focuses on not only discussing the design of bicycle lights meeting European regulations but also the influence of the choice of production materials on optical performance. We analyze the samples made of PC and PMMA and verify through four methods of physical and thermal properties, tolerance, and stray light source. The results of PMMA with electroplating coating can be closer to the design simulation situation and confirm the reflector. The section surface will be bent due to thermal stress, which will increase the brightness of the dark area of the regulations, and in severe cases, it will cause glare and fail the regulations. The last chapter of this thesis will integrate all the analysis and experience and build a complete stray light model in the ASAP optical simulation software. Through the stray light model established in this thesis, the performance of actual proofing can be predicted at the same time as the optical design of bicycle lights is being carried out in the
iii
future, while the advantages of accuracy, speed, and cost saving can be achieved at the same time.

關鍵字(中)

★ 光學設計
★ K-mark
★ 材料分析
★ 光學特性
★ 雜散光分析
★ ECE E-mark

關鍵字(英)

★ optical design
★ K-mark,
★ material analysis
★ optical properties
★ stray light analysis
★ ECE E-mark

論文目次

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
致謝 IV
目錄 VI
圖目錄 IX
表目錄 XIV
第一章緒論 1
1-2 自行車燈發展與介紹 3
1-3 論文大綱 4
第二章基礎原理 6
2-1 中場擬合法 6
2-2 幾何光學 8
2-3 光度學 10
2-4 光展量 15
第三章 LED自行車燈具照明規範 18
3-1德國 StVZO 22A No. 23法規 18
3-2歐洲UNECE規範No. 113法規 21
第四章 LEDS車前燈之光學特性分析應用與光學設計驗證 26
4-1 LEDs光源應用 26
4-2 基礎光學設計及流程 28
4-3 LED車前燈通過StVZO及UNECE Class B之模擬 29
4-3-1 K-mark規範檢測 30
4-3-2 UNECE No.113 Class B規範模擬計算 34
4-3-3 路面照度檢測 35
4-4 100 lx反射杯之樣品實驗驗證 36
4-4-1 100 lx反射杯不同材料樣品之反射杯K-mark近光燈量測、驗證 37
4-5 100 lx PMMA反射杯之K-mark與ECE近遠光燈量測、驗證 41
4-5-1 100 lx PMMA反射杯之K-mark近遠光燈量測 41
4-5-2 100 lx PMMA反射杯之ECE近遠光燈量測 43
4-5-3 100 lx PMMA 道路量測 45
第五章反射杯之材料樣品於光學表現與影響 47
5-1 K-mark近光燈檢測之材料樣品反射杯表現分析 49
5-2 PC與PMMA樣品之雜散光分析 52
5-3三維建模之公差容忍度與材料特性分析 55
5-3-1 三維建模公差容忍度分析 56
5-3-2 PC、PMMA材料分析 57
5-4三維建模之模擬計算雜散光來源與光形 59
5-4-1 三維建模之模擬計算雜散光來源 59
5-4-2三維建模之模擬計算光形 60
5-5 樣品反射杯之選擇分析 62
第六章結論 64
參考文獻 67
中英文名詞對照表 70

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指導教授

楊宗勳孫慶成(Tsung-Hsun Yang Ching-Cherng Sun)

審核日期

2022-8-16

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