脈衝式曝氣對沉浸式薄膜生物處理系統 積垢控制之探討

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張志暐(Chih-Wei Chang) 查詢紙本館藏

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論文名稱

脈衝式曝氣對沉浸式薄膜生物處理系統積垢控制之探討
(An investigation on pulse aeration for fouling control of immersive membrane bioreactor system)

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摘要(中)

廢水處理程序中，薄膜生物反應器（MBR）近年已被廣泛應用於都市污水處理廠和工業廢水處理系統，在一連串的開發過程中，因處理效率、佔地面積小等優點都超越傳統活性污泥法。然而此系統的操作成本中，曝氣模組系統操作費用遠高於其他操作單元，為了能達到高效能的運轉目的，因此，調整系統參數使薄膜生物反應器（MBR）條件最佳化即為首要目標。
薄膜生物反應器（MBR）的實廠操作中，最常面臨膜堆積垢，除了影響終端水質外，其操作及維保成本也提高，故本研究首先回顧薄膜生物反應器的曝氣參數及其對廢水過濾性能的影響。在脈衝式曝氣研究中，使用異步曝氣方式來誘發薄膜表面上的剪切應力是有效抑制積垢的策略之一，由於脈衝式曝氣中膜絲之間互相作用的擺動較管道式曝氣影響大，所以，脈衝式曝氣有較佳的積垢控制結果。接著在同步和異步曝氣試驗中，為了探討相鄰噴嘴產生的氣泡與膜絲之間相互作用對積垢率的影響，實驗設計在恆定通量條件下，監測跨膜壓力（TMP）分析依據，結果指出，當異步式脈衝曝氣流量於250 dm3 / h且反沖洗流量90 m3 / h的參數搭配，是有利於薄膜積垢速度的趨緩，在歷經90天的測試結果顯示，薄膜平均積垢速率從0.39 kPa / day降至0.21 kPa / day，而在節能效益上，由於將通道式曝氣改為脈衝形式曝氣系統，能源耗用減少約47%，達成高效能運轉目標。

摘要(英)

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) is already a well-developed wastewater treatment process for municipal and industrial applications. Nonetheless, membrane fouling remains a significant problem for its more comprehensive development. Aeration is the source of a large part of the operating costs in most industrial-scale plants, and its optimization is necessary to make the process efficient. This paper first reviews the parameters of aeration and their impact on filtration performance. In the investigation of pulse aeration, one of the most efficient strategies to limit fouling is the use of asynchronous aeration flow to enhance the shear stress on the membrane surface. The efficacy of the pulse aeration compared with channel aeration has been attributed to the more significant fluctuations in the interactions among membrane filaments. The trans-membrane pressure (TMP) monitored under constant flux conditions was used to investigate the impact of the interactions among bubbles generated from adjacent nozzles following synchronous and asynchronous bubbling schemes. The experimental results showed that the asynchronous pulse airflow at the condition of 250 dm3/h to match backwash flow of 90 m3/h, respectively, is more beneficial to fouling alleviation. After 90 days test, the average fouling rate is 0.21 kPa/day. Finally, a 47% reduction in the energy usage was achieved by moving from a channel to a pulse form of aeration.

關鍵字(中)

★ 脈衝式曝氣
★ 異步曝氣
★ 積垢率

關鍵字(英)

★ Pulse aeration
★ Asynchronous aeration
★ Fouling

論文目次

目錄
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 X
第一章研究緣起與目的 1
1.1 研究緣起 1
1.2 研究內容及目的 2
1.3 研究流程 3
第二章文獻回顧 4
2.1 薄膜程序 4
2.2 薄膜生物反應器 6
2.2.1 薄膜類型及反應器配置 7
2.2.2 薄膜與傳統技術比較 7
2.2.3 薄膜現行趨勢 10
2.2.4 薄膜應用 11
2.3 薄膜表面積垢現象與水力影響 11
2.3.1 薄膜阻抗組成 12
2.3.2 影響薄膜阻塞積垢因素 13
2.3.3薄膜阻塞積垢清除方式 17
2.3.4 中空纖維膜絲反洗清潔方式 19
2.3.5 膜材的特性和模組配置關係 20
2.3.6 氣泡影響膜表面的剪切應力作用 20
第三章研究材料與方法 25
3.1 研究架構 25
3.2 研究流程與步驟 27
3.2.1 脈衝式曝氣對中空纖維膜積垢影響實驗 30
3.3 研究場所、材料與分析方法 39
3.3.1研究場所 39
3.3.2 實驗材料 41
3.3.3 參數分析 42
3.3.4 檢測方法 44
第四章結果討論 47
4.1 進流水質特性分析 47
4.1.1 水樣組成分析結果 50
4.2 脈衝式曝氣影響中空纖維膜積垢之結果 50
4.2.1 曝氣模式與風量試驗 50
4.2.2 維護性反洗流量試驗 54
4.2.3 最佳化通量試驗 57
4.3 積垢控制對過濾時間的影響 60
4.4 脈衝式曝氣模式節能效益 61
第五章結論與建議 63
5.1 結論 63
5.2 建議 64
參考文獻 65

參考文獻

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工業污染防治第 109 期(June 2009)

指導教授

莊順興(Shun-Hsing Chuang)

審核日期

2022-9-14

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