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姓名 楊鎮光(Zhen-Guang Yang )  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 電機工程研究所
論文名稱 快速演算法在大字彙關鍵詞萃取上的應用
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摘要(中) 在傳統whole word based的關鍵詞萃取辨識系統中,辨識效能常因關鍵詞彙的增加而導致辨識率下降及辨識時間增加,所謂的快速演算法,就是藉由關鍵詞字彙結構的相關性,將關鍵詞予以分類並加以結構化,因而能藉由樹枝狀的搜尋架構,大幅的減少辨識時間,而隨著關鍵詞彙的增加,辨識率仍能維持ㄧ定水準而不墬,這就是將快速演算法應用在大字彙關鍵詞萃取的目的.
在作法上,我們先將關鍵詞分成幾個次部分(subsets),而不同關鍵詞的次部分會包含相同的共同次字彙(common subword),如同樹枝一般,在辨識出前N個最佳的共同的次字彙之後,就能夠減小搜尋範圍,捨去不可能入選的關鍵詞,針對相似度比較高的關鍵詞進行最後的確認.進而達到快速的目的.
除了演算法本身之外,論文中還針對多項能夠提昇辨識率的方案進行實驗,這些方案包含了將無關詞對語音特徵的機率加上一縮小權值,以使關鍵詞的切音區更加準確.使用動態的權值,讓不同的測試語句都有相對應最佳的縮小權值.另外鑒於測試和訓練語料取得環境的不同(分別為電話及麥克風錄音),我們以CMS加上Cepstrum weighting分別對訓練語料及測試語料進行處理,並重新訓練次音節模型,最後,將處理前後(指有無加上CMS及Cepstrum weighting)的機率值混合考慮,並由實驗找出最佳的混合比例.由實驗結果可以發現,動態權值及機率混合考慮這兩種方法如配合使用,可達最佳辨識率Top1為91.32%.而僅使用單一權值的辨識效果最差,Top1達83.67%.
為了使關鍵詞萃取系統更加完整,關鍵詞拒絕的能力是有必要被加入的,在實驗結果方面,加入關鍵詞拒絕後的正確率為81.51%.
關鍵字(中) ★ Cepstrum Weighting
★  CMS
★  快速演算法
★  樹枝狀
★  關鍵字萃取
關鍵字(英)
論文目次 第一章序論 1
1.1 研究動機…………………………………………………1
1.2 關鍵詞萃取的基本定義………………………………….1
1.3 快速演算法的概念……………………………………….1
1.4技術回顧………………………………………………….2
1.5 論文大綱………………………………………………….4
第二章語音辨識的基本技術 5
2.1 概論…………………………………………………5
2.2 特徵參數的求取…………………………………………5
2.3 隱藏式馬可夫模型………………………………………7
2.3.1 隱藏式馬可夫模型的描述…………………………8
第三章系統架構 11
3.1 概論……………………………………………….11
3.2 模型參數………………………………………………11
3.3 訓練與辨識的演算法…………………………………12
3.3.1 訓練演算法…………………………………………..12
3.3.2 辨識模組與辨識演算法….…………………………15
第四章快速演算法 16
4.1 概論……………………………………………….16
4.2 快速演算法……………………………………………16
4.3 無關詞模組對特徵值機率的縮小權值.……………..21
4.3.1 靜態的縮小權值…………..…………………………21
4.3.2 動態調整縮小權值………..…………………………21
4.4 兩種對特徵值處理的方法─Cepstrum Mean Subtraction和Cepstrum Weighting…………………….……………22
4.4.1 Cepstrum Mean Subtraction和Cepstrum Weighting…22
4.4.2將Cepstrum+Delta Cepstrum及Cepstrum+Delta Cepstrum+CMS+Cepstrum Weighting的機率值加權計算…………………………………………………23
4.5 關鍵詞的拒絕能力.…………………………………23
4.5.1 關鍵詞拒絕的原理…………………………………..23
4.5.2 訓練反模型(anti-model)的方法……………………..24
4.5.3 訓練臨界值τk的方法………………………………25
4.5.4 關鍵詞拒絕的演算法………………………………..26
4.5.5 錯誤率的計算………………………………………..26
第五章實驗與結果 28
5.1 概論……………………………………………….28
5.2 實驗環境………………………………………………28
5.3 大字彙的關鍵詞萃取實驗………………….…………..28
第六章結論
6.1 結論…………………………………………………...…38
6.2 未來發展………………………………………………...39
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指導教授 莊堯棠(Yau-Tarng Juang) 審核日期 2001-6-6
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