以啟發式演算法求解固定邊長之組裝件設施佈置

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吳浩誠(Hao-Cheng Wu) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

工業管理研究所

論文名稱

以啟發式演算法求解固定邊長之組裝件設施佈置

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摘要(中)

機械製造業是台灣工業的基礎亦是經濟發展的重要支柱，然而，台灣的機械製造業中，多以中小企業為主，雖然其皆具備極佳的製造技術，但是往往會遇到缺乏有效的管理來解決內部遇到的問題或者自動化基礎設備與知識不足的問題，因此在數位轉型上較為困難。
組裝件加工廠也是機械產業中的一部份，因此上面所描述的中小企業困境也會發生於組裝件加工廠，若要追上轉型的腳步，設施佈置不失為一種幫助企業進行轉型的方法。物料搬運成本大約佔了運營成本的20%到50%，而有效的設施佈置規劃可以將這些成本降低至少10%到30%，因此尋找更低的物料搬運成本，是設施佈置設計人員長久以來追求的目標。
以往，設施佈置問題多半在處理機台的擺設，鮮少探討組裝件的擺設，兩者的不同在於流量的對象，前者的流量在機台與機台間，而後者的流量在組裝件與加工機台間。基於上述原因，本研究將針對「組裝件加工位置佈置」問題進行研究，提出數學模型與演算法，並期望透過完整的數據實驗與嚴謹的績效分析，能對此類問題有更深入的探討，亦對未來類似的研究能有所貢獻。

摘要(英)

The machine building industry is the mainstay of Taiwan and the foundation of Taiwan′s industry. However, machine building industry in Taiwan are mostly small and medium-sized enterprises. Although they all have excellent manufacturing technologies, they often encounter a lack of effective management to solve internal problems or lack of automation infrastructure and knowledge, so it is more difficult in digital transformation.
Assembly factories are also a part of the machine building industry, so the difficulties faced by small and medium-sized enterprises will also occur in assembly factories. If they want to digitally transform successfully, facility layout can be regarded as a method to help enterprises undergo digital transformation. Material handling costs account for about 20% to 50% of operating costs, and effective facility layout planning can reduce these costs by at least 10% to 30%. Therefore, looking for lower material handling costs has been the goal pursued by facility layout designers for a long time.
In the past, the problem of facility layout was mostly dealt with the layout of the machine, and its flow was between machines, but the layout of the assembly parts was rarely discussed, and its flow was between the assembly parts and the machines. For these reasons, this research will focus on the problem of "location layout of assembly parts", and propose a mathematical model and algorithm. Expecting that through this complete data experiments and statistical analysis can increase the understanding of similar research for the future.

關鍵字(中)

★ 設施佈置
★ 不等面積設施佈置
★ 組裝件加工位置佈置

關鍵字(英)

★ Facility Layout Problem
★ Unequal-Area Facilities Layout Problem
★ Assembly Parts Position Layout

論文目次

摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 III
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 IX
第一章緒論 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2研究動機 2
1.3研究目的 3
1.4研究流程與架構 4
第二章文獻探討 6
2.1不等面積設施佈置問題 7
2.2多加工區設施佈置問題 12
2.3多樓層設施佈置問題 16
第三章數學模型求解 19
3.1問題說明 19
3.2方法架構與流程 19
3.3環境假設 22
3.4情況一：替一組裝件安排位置，其餘組裝件不動 23
3.4.1情況一數學模型 23
3.4.2情況一數學模型範例1 39
3.4.3情況一數學模型範例2 45
3.5情況二：替多個組裝件安排位置，但不限制其是否移動 53
3.5.1情況二數學模型 53
3.5.2情況二數學模型範例1 63
3.5.3情況二數學模型範例2 66
第四章演算法求解 70
4.1定理與證明 70
4.2情況一演算法 77
4.2.1情況一演算法範例1 81
4.2.2情況一演算法範例2 84
4.3情況二演算法 88
4.3.1情況二演算法範例1 95
4.3.2情況二演算法範例2 101
第五章實驗結果與分析 107
5.1實驗設計 107
5.1.1環境假設 107
5.1.2環境設定 108
5.1.3大中小例子設定 110
5.1.4實驗績效評估指標 111
5.2統計分析 111
5.2.1情況一實驗結果 111
5.2.2情況二實驗結果 121
5.3實驗結論 154
第六章研究結論與建議 155
6.1研究結論 155
6.2未來研究建議 156
參考文獻 157
中文文獻 157
英文文獻 158

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指導教授

何應欽

審核日期

2023-7-17

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