聚對苯乙烯衍生物之超強耦合光致發光現象與電致發光共振腔元件之研究

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姓名

蔣記宇(Chi-Yu Chiang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

光電科學與工程學系

論文名稱

聚對苯乙烯衍生物之超強耦合光致發光現象與電致發光共振腔元件之研究
(Ultrastrong coupling photoluminescence and electroluminescence of microcavity based on poly(p-phenylene vinylene) derivative)

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2027-11-16以後開放)

摘要(中)

本論文主旨為利用聚對苯乙烯衍生物“Super Yellow”製作光學微共振腔和發光二極體(organic light-emitting diode, OLED)微共振腔，探討超強耦合物理和發光現象。理論上，在共振腔內若光子與在材料激發態(激子)之間產生強烈的能量耦合，將產生半光半物質之混成態，即偏極子(polariton)能態。在光子與激子能量相近時產生不同偏極子色散分支的能量差則稱為拉比分裂，可反應出耦合的強度。當拉比分裂能量超過激子能量20%以上則稱為超強耦合的狀態。
首先我們通過調整Super Yellow膜厚製作光學共振腔，探討主動層厚度與耦合強度的關係，並觀察偏極子光致發光變化。我們使用Hopfield Hamiltonian分析能量色散，證明足夠厚度的Super Yellow可產生超強耦合效應，且當設計厚度使偏極子下支能態匹配Super Yellow的發光峰能量，激子到偏極子的能量轉移和光致發光效率最高。進一步在OLED共振腔元件製作上，我們固定Super Yellow膜厚，利用ZnO和polyethylenimine (PEI)的混合層作為電子注入層，調整其比例提升元件的外部量子效率。在 ZnO:PEI的重量百分比為1:0.33的條件和25 nm厚度下，我們得到最佳化之超強耦合OLED元件，其最高外部量子效率2.79%，最高亮度達到6255 cd/m2，且拉比分裂能量為0.92 eV，與激子能量的比值達到33%。

摘要(英)

This thesis exploited phenyl-substituted poly(para-phenylene vinylene) copolymer “Super Yellow” as the emissive layer to fabricate optical microcavity and OLED microcavity, and discuss ultrastrong coupling physics and emission phenomenon. In theory, when photon and exciton strongly interact in a cavity, a hybrid state, i.e., the so-called polariton state, will be generated. The Rabi splitting energy between different polariton dispersion branches is an indication of coupling strength, which occurs when the photon and exciton modes have the same energy. Ultrastrong coupling regime is reached when the Rabi splitting energy exceeds 20% of the exciton energy.
First, we study the optical microcavities with different Super Yellow film thicknesses to understand the thickness effect on the coupling strength and polariton photoluminescence (PL). By using Hopfield Hamiltonian to analyze the polariton dispersion curves, we demonstrate that a sufficiently thick Super Yellow film can generate ultrastrong coupling. When the thickness is designed to match the lower polariton mode and emission peak of Super Yellow, the highest transfer efficiency from exciton to polariton and strongest PL emission can be obtained. We further fabricate OLED microcavity by fixing the Super Yellow film, and adjust the ZnO:polyethylenimine (PEI) blend film as the electron injection layer to optimize the device efficiency. When using the ZnO:PEI film with 1:0.33 blend ratio and 25 nm thickness, we demonstrate an optimal ultrastrongly coupled OLED with the maximum external quantum efficiency of 2.79% and the highest luminance of 6255 cd/m2, while the Rabi splitting energy is 0.92 eV, corresponding to 33% of exciton mode energy.

關鍵字(中)

★ 超強耦合
★ 偏極子
★ 有機發光二極體

關鍵字(英)

★ polariton
★ Organic light emitting diode

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 ix
第一章、緒論 1
1-1有機偏極子元件 1
1-2偏極子穩態 4
1-3高分子發光二極體 9
1-4研究動機 10
第二章、基本原理 11
2-1有機發光二極體理論 11
2-1-1有機發光二極體架構 12
2-1-2載子注入及傳輸機制 13
2-1-3外部量子效率 14
2-2多層膜矩陣光學理論 15
2-2-1膜矩陣 15
2-2-2斜向入射 18
2-2-3表面電漿共振 20
2-2-4電場分布與吸收 21
2-3耦合理論 23
2-3-1微共振腔的光子模態 23
2-3-2耦合常數與哈密頓算符 26
第三章、實驗方法 30
3-1製程儀器 30
3-1-1熱蒸鍍系統(Thermal Evaporation Coater) 30
3-1-2旋轉塗佈機(Spin Coater) 31
3-1-3手套箱(Glove Box) 31
3-1-4原子層沉積(Atomic Layer Deposition) 32
3-2量測設備 33
3-2-1半導體參數分析儀(SPA)及Photodiode 33
3-2-2光纖量測系統 34
3-2-3即時多角度光譜量測系統 35
3-2-4紫外/可見/紅外光光譜儀 38
3-2-5積分球量測系統 39
3-3實驗步驟 40
3-3-1溶液配置 40
3-3-2元件製程 41
3-4實驗材料 41
第四章、實驗結果與討論 43
4-1Super Yellow有機發光二極體 43
4-1-1Super Yellow發光層 44
4-1-2電子注入層對元件之影響 45
4-2 有機偏極子元件 48
4-2-1反射鏡 49
4-2-2強弱耦合元件與拉比分裂強度 51
4-2-3元件效率 58
第五章、結論與未來展望 62
參考文獻 63

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指導教授

張瑞芬(Jui-Fen Chang)

審核日期

2022-11-17

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