當賣方提供現金折扣與信用期策略時，買方將隨著此策略訂定其定價，訂購與付款決策。過去的研究多著重在信用期下的補貨或價格決策。此研究延伸納入現金折扣與非瞬間補貨的考量於之前有關信用期研究之模式中，以在利潤最大化下探討幾個信用交易的議題。 文中建構了幾個在不同情形下以經濟訂購批量模型為基準的模式。並假設需求為價格彈性以反應隨著買方售價降低而能增加顧客需求之現象。我們首先處理在現金折扣與信用期下且為瞬間補貨下的問題。次外，基於在補貨期間須以小批量且多次補貨之情況，此現象通常出現在大量訂購且長期合約下，我們建構一個考量信用期與非瞬間補貨下的決策模式。之後延伸上一個模式納入現金折扣考量。根據每一個提出的模式，我們探討有關合適解區間的特性，且依據此特性提出演算法求解，並舉例說明此求解過程。此外也將探討每個模式下不考慮定價等的特殊案例。之後透過數值分析探討系統各參數對決策的影響並說明其管理意涵，也驗證了模式的結論與經濟上的觀念相符合。 When a vendor provides a cash discount and credit period policy, a buyer will decide his price, ordering and payment policies accordingly. Previous researches often focused on the replenishment or pricing problems under credit period. This research deals with several trade credit phenomena when maximizing the annual profit. The study will incorporate cash discount and non-instantaneous replenishment into previous models under credit period with price-elasticity demand. Several EOQ-based models are formulated for different circumstances. A price-elasticity demand reflects the phenomena that demand will increase when buyer’s price decreases. We firstly deal with the problem under cash discount and credit period with instantaneous replenishment. In addition, in many situations, the goods may be delivered from the vendor to the buyer frequently in small batches during the replenishment period. This situation is most commonly found when mass ordering with a long-term contract. We construct a non-instantaneous replenishment model when considering only credit period. Then, we extend the above model to incorporate the condition of cash discount. For each model, we discuss properties about feasible solution intervals, then we develop an algorithm based on properties found and conduct numerical examples to illustrate each solving procedure. Also, special cases when retail prices predetermined are analyzed for each model when the decisions ignore pricing. Through the numerical analyses, we discuss the influences of the system parameters on the determination of retail price, order size and annual profit to highlight the managerial implications. We demonstrate that the results of model are consistent with the economic senses.
