存貨管制為現代企業管理中生產計劃的重要課題，近年來有關於損耗性商品的存貨管制問題普遍受到重視，本研究建立在單一零售商的環境中，探討一套更貼近實際情況的損耗性商品存貨模式。本研究目的在求得零售商利潤最大化，將傳統EOQ模式加以延伸，考量價格與時間對需求的影響以及允許銷售期內有缺貨情況的發生；因此，將需求假設為時間與價格的函數，以非線性的方式來表達，且短缺的形式為IFS狀態。再者，價格的問題在市場行銷策略是相當重要的一環，價格的高低往往會影響消費者購買商品的決定，所以，零售商該以何種策略或方式來做定價是很重要的。在此機制下，本文中零售商其所販售的是具有損耗特性的產品，其該如何決定最佳的短缺比例時間點，進而決定零售商販賣商品的價格，使得零售商得出最佳補貨次數與最佳補貨週期，達到零售商獲利最大的目標。然而，在針對諸多限制條件放寬之後，模式求解計算的複雜度也跟著大為提高。為此，本研究使用窮舉法與迭代法來求解，藉由數學軟體Mathematica 5.0的幫助，找出最佳的補貨次數、最佳短缺比例時間點和最佳價格。 Inventory management and control is an important course of production planning in modern business management. This paper considers profit-oriented EOQ problem in retailer channel. We consider the inventory replenishment policy over a fixed planning period for a deteriorating item having a deterministic demand pattern with shortages. The demand function presents the expression of a time and price-demand relationship by iso-elastic model and IFS(inventory followed by shortages) purchasing policy has been introducted into the thesis. The number of reorders, the interval between two successive reorders and the shortage intervals over a finite time-horizon are all determined in an optimal manner. And the thesis objective is to determine the optimal values of price and the percentage of shortage point so as to keep the system profit to a maximum. We use total enumeration approach and iterative search to find optimal replenishment number, the percentage of shortage point and price, and all of these numerical example run with mathematica 5.0.
