| 摘要: | 目前世界各國已面臨天然資源短缺之瓶頸的問題，為了維護及確保環境及人類的永續發展，未來營建工程所使用材料需要走向節省天然資源及再利用性之發展。同樣問題存在於台灣，因為台灣隨著國家政策邁向工業化之發展，結果產生工業副產品; 再加上經濟的成長使得營建或道路工程對材料需求及消耗量跟著增，結果造成天然資源不足的現象;由於這原因，尋求可代替天然材料的替代材料是未來必須走的方向。 轉爐石粒料具有表面堅硬、親油性佳、密度高及耐磨性質好的粒料，非常適合使用於道路工程來取代部分的天然粒料，而缺點就是轉爐石粒料本身的比重及毛細孔比傳統天然粒料高許多，以國內外研究指出當轉爐石添加於瀝青混凝土鋪面會造成VMA(Voids in the Mineral Aggregate)性質不足的困擾，VMA不足的情況下容易造成瀝青混凝土表面產生冒油現象、油膜厚度及摩擦係數降低，導致影響行車安全。 本研究將100%轉爐石粒料取代傳統粗粒料、利用三種不同級配進行密集配瀝青混凝土配合設計(DGAC)並計算油膜厚度，探討轉爐石粒料對瀝青混凝土VMA性質之影響。雖然轉爐石粒料確實造成瀝青混凝土VMA降低，透過試驗室成效試驗結果得知VMA的降低並不影響瀝青混凝土之耐久性，尤其剝脫試驗結果得知轉爐石粒料抵抗剝脫能力比傳統粒料好。 國內目前仍然以馬歇爾配合設計為主，經過馬歇爾夯打能量後確實造成瀝青混凝土級配降格，以本研究得到的結果，確實瀝青混凝土級配降格是存在，導致瀝青混凝土VMA值降低，因此本研究建議未來使用馬歇爾配合設計方法進行配合設計時應注意級配降格對VMA性質的影響。 Nowadays, the excessively exploration of natural resources have been a serious problem to solved in many countries in the world, in order to prevent our ecological system and to ensure the sustainable development of humanity. For the future, the materials that uses in pavement engineering should become more ecological and become friendly for global environment. As same as the other countries in the world, the same problem does exists in Taiwan, because of the rapidly growth of economic and industrialization will caused the increasing of industrial waste materials, reusing industrial waste materials to replace natural materials will be a good solution that we should concern. Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) is a product of steel making processed, some of the positive properties of BOF aggregates in hot mix asphalt includes good frictional properties and stripping resistance, high stability, and resistance to rutting deformation, but the weakness properties of BOF aggregates in hot mix asphalt is the high specific gravity and large of pores size of BOF itself, the main purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of high specific gravity and pore size on VMA characteristic of hot mix asphalt, and through the laboratory performance test likes resilient modulus test (ASTM D4123), moisture sensitivity (AASHTO T283), coating and stripping of bituminous of bitumen aggregate test (AASHTO T182), and asphalt film thickness determination (Saskatchewan Highway and Transportation) to proved that the lack of VMA did not effecting the durability of hot mix asphalt (HMA). In this research, VMA characteristic of hot mix asphalt is evaluated through by replacing 100% of course natural aggregates with BOF aggregates, with choosing three differences gradation that conform the mix designation as described by ASTM D3515, the mix design results showed that BOF aggregates had decreased the VMA characteristic of hot mix asphalt, but through the laboratory performance test results especially moisture sensitivity and coating and stripping of bituminous of bitumen aggregate test , showed that the lack of VMA did not effecting the durability of HMA. During the compaction movement by Marshall’s mix design compactor, the compaction movement will caused the aggregates degradation that influenced the total surface area, will led the decreasing asphalt film thickness of HMA itself. By the result of this research, when using the Marshall’s mix design for asphalt concrete design, it should be consider to the aggregates degradation of HMA. |
