| 摘要: | 摘要 石門水庫是國家重大水利工程建設，自民國52年完工至今，在 灌溉、給水、發電、防洪及觀光等方面，多年來對於區域經濟發展及民眾生活品質的提昇貢獻良多。 由於台灣地區河川具有「坡度陡、水河急、地質弱」的先天特性，因此每當颱風或豪雨季節來臨，便帶來驚人的輸泥砂量。在石門水庫集水區內之各主支流河川亦不例外，民國52年的葛樂禮颱風、93年的艾利颱風及94年的馬莎颱風所帶來的土砂災害，尤其令人印象深刻。 為了應付及解決水庫大量淤砂及延長水庫壽命問題，陸續於集水區上游興建了122座攔砂壩，多年來確也發揮了大量囚砂功能，減緩水庫的淤積量。民國96年9月韋帕颱風來襲，位於上游之巴陵攔砂壩崩潰損毀，原本將近積滿之囚砂大量下移，為了解移砂情形及對下游其他攔砂壩安全之影響，以測量方法持續進行監測及統計，並將取得之數據加以分析。 本研究採用GPS定位系統、現況地形測量、自動輔助繪圖系統等方式進行監測作業，以壩址為中心上、下游各5公里，橫斷面共計52處，並彙整測量所得數據，透過統計、比較、分析所得成果，可作為後續處理之重要參考。 攔砂壩上游歷次測量沖刷及淤積數量 時 期 第一次測量 第二次測量 第三次測量 (96.12) (97.06) (97.12) 沖刷量 淤積量 沖刷量 淤積量 沖刷量 淤積量 體積 5,227,010 0 1,257,690 377,510 1,887,045 74,254（m3） 攔砂壩下游歷次測量沖刷及淤積數量 時 期 第一次測量 第二次測量 第三次測量 (96.12) (97.06) (97.12) 沖刷量 淤積量 沖刷量 淤積量 沖刷量 淤積量 體積 0 3,700,350 1,333,120 348,920 514,750 359,870（m3） Abstract Shimen reservoir is Taiwan’s significant hydraulic engineering. That contributes a great deal in regional economies development and promotion the quality of the populace live, no matter to irrigate, to have water supply, to generate electric power, to prevent flood, or to have sightseeing since the year of 1963. Every one knows well that Taiwan’s rivers have the native traits of steep slop, the anxious water flow, and the weak geology. When the typhoon or torrential rain comes, that usually brings astonishingly silt. Each main and branch rivers in the catchment areas have the same problem. The serious sandy soil disaster happened in 1963’s Ge Leli typhoon, in 2004’s Alley typhoon and in 2005’s Masha typhoon impressed us deeply. In order to solve the problem of massive silt and to lengthen the reservoir life, there are 122 sediment storage dam built in the upper stream of catchment areas. That really can solve the problem of massive silt and can slow down the reservoir’s silt. With the Wei Pa typhoon’s coming in September 2007, Baling sediment storage dam located at up stream collapsed damage totally, so the massive silt in Baling sediment storage dam moved down. In order to see the silt moving situation and the influence of other sediment storage dams’ security located in other downstream rivers, we keep going to monitor it and to collect the statistics data to analyze it. This research uses the GPS positioning system, the present situation topographic survey and the automatic auxiliary cartography system to have the monitor work. Take the silt arrester position as central upstream and downstream each 5 kilometers, cross section total 52.And this research gets the results from the collected survey data by using the way of statistics, compared and analysis. That all could be taken as the following processing the important reference. Silt arrester upstream all previous survey washes out and silt up quantity Time The first survey The second survey The third survey (96.12) (97.06) (97.12) Washout Siltation Washout Siltation Washout Siltation quantity quantity quantity quantity quantity quantity Volume （m3） 5,227,010 0 1,257,690 377,510 1,887,045 74,254 Silt arrester downstream all previous survey washes out and silt up quantity Time The first survey The second survey The third survey (96.12) (97.06) (97.12) Washout Siltation Washout Siltation Washout Siltation quantity quantity quantity quantity quantity quantity Volume （m3） 0 3,700,350 1,333,120 348,920 514,750 359,870 |
