台灣與南韓同為發展型國家的代表，政府機關運用各種政策手段將資源投注於特定產業，目的為帶領國家由農業社會轉型，並能於短時間內追趕上先進工業國家。而台灣與南韓因歷史背景的不同，也形成不同之經濟體系，韓國政府與財閥集團間互動關係密切，相較之下台灣的私人企業規模較韓國小，與國家機關間之關係也較疏遠。 本文主要以產業經濟學的SCP架構，探討同為國家介入的發展型後進國家，在需大規模資金投入的液晶顯示器產業裡，於面臨全球金融海嘯的衝擊下，因經濟結構之差異與兩國政府介入之深度與政策方向有所不同，因而產生不同的行為活動與績效表現。 研究發現，台灣液晶顯示產業奠基於中小企業創業家精神，垂直分工是產業結構之特色，但因資源過於分散，發展規模受到限制，而韓國液晶顯示器廠商，分別為三星與樂金兩大集團組成，集團觸角涵蓋產業上中下游，垂直整合度極高。於金融海嘯期間，韓國政府傾全力支援，不論是操作貨幣貶值或是強制介入促使兩大集團互動，政府角色十分強勢，政府對產業影響程度勝於台灣，也讓韓國廠商表現於此時間超越台廠表現。 台灣廠商在歷經多次液晶產業循環下，已有逐漸轉型為專業液晶玻璃製造商的獨特經營方式，在目前中國與新興經濟體將逐步取代已開發國家成為全球重點市場之時，若能創造兩岸合作模式，將有助於台灣液晶產業未來之發展。 Taiwan and South Korea are the representatives of developmental states. Government used to play an essential role and adapted all the policy with emphasized in certain industry. These two countries attempted to enhance themselves from agricultural society and to catch up developed country in very short period. But the different historical background of Taiwan and Korea formed the different economic system. Korean government has a very close relationship with their Chaebol system. In contrast with the corporation in Korea, Taiwan’s are smaller and their relationships with government are estranged. This study is based on “Structure - Conduct- Performance” industrial economy theory. By research of the developmental states and focus on TFT-LCD industry which needs heavy capital investment, Korea and Taiwan generate different conduct and performance during the financial tsunami due to different economic structure. The study shows that Taiwan TFT industry founded on small and medium enterprises with high entrepreneurship. Vertical specialization is their characteristic. But corporate scale would be limited due to dispersed resources. Korea TFT industry is formed by Samsung & LG Groups with high vertical integration. During the financial tsunami, the sharp depreciation of Korean Won and interfering in between the transaction of two groups are the policies be carried out by Korean government which lead into a better performance of Korean corporation comparing with Taiwan’s. Under repeatedly crystal cycle, Taiwan TFT makers have generated a specific business model, a professional cell provider. If we can create the cross-strait cooperation under current circumstance while China and newly industrialized economics have become the world wide focus, it’s benefit a lot for Taiwan corporation in future development.
