| 摘要: | 營建業工程施作技術傳承已有數百年之久，然營建業中仍有許多被重複解決無數次之個案問題一再發生，主因為在面對新工程時往往又須面對許多新知識，如未獲解決則需從錯誤中汲取經驗。就產業角度而言，這是不必要的學習成本支出及浪費。 台灣有將近九成八的企業為中小企業，這是台灣經濟發展的主力。其中，營造業的中小企業佔整體企業比例約在98.5%左右。在現今知識經濟的潮流中，大營造廠因制度較為完善，多有屬於公司內的標準作業流程或知識管理系統，然中小型營造廠因人力、資金及時間上的因素，對於知識管理的整合多屬心有餘而力不足，以致造成營建業間知識斷層的現象。如能解決此一課題，必可使產業競爭能力大幅提升。 如何消弭知識斷層，讓資訊透明公開、知識取得無時間差，並凝聚營建專業社群，達到營建知識的活化、創新、再利用，將對產業的整體素質提升具有極高效益。故本研究於探討相關文獻並透過專家訪談後，建置建築施工實務百科系統，將建築工程施作相關知識進行整合，輔以討論區讓個人化經驗得以交流，工程實務面之知識與經驗也可交流與傳承。除使用者使用後能對營建業施作相關知識產生整體性概念，公司亦可藉由平台內部資料做為員工教育訓練或整合公司內部的知識管理系統。透過平台的利用降低營建業重複性學習成本的支出，並過交流方式提昇產業的整體素質。 The know-how and skills in the construction industry have been inherited through an unknown process in centuries. Similar mistakes have to be corrected repeated in time-space cross-sections due to the lack of proper knowledge management industry-wide. The benefit of an open-structure knowledge bank, available to all industrial learners, is apparent. The issue of industry-wide knowledge management is further troubled by the fragmentation of the industry, in which ninety percent of the firms are considered small- to medium-size. This makes the hope for intra-firm training and education unlikely. The trend of movement among newcomers into the industry further exacerbates the problem, as they possess quite little loyalty to the employing firm, and the employing firm's investment on them would seem irrational. Therefore, the chicken-and-egg problem is prevailing. Newcomers acquire very little help from the experienced in career development, and the employing firms suffer talent shortage because of constant in-waves and out-waves of new hires. This work aims to aid in mitigating the aforementioned problem, by offering an internet-based encyclopedia of construction methods. The proposed system not only allows practitioners to contribute segmented pieces of knowledge, but also welcomes free exchange of ideas and conversations on the net. The premise of this work hinges upon the success of the renowned Wikipedia, of which altruistic writers have by anonymous collaboration created an encyclopedia, vying with all other similar, yet commercially based ones. This work bases its structure on requirements gained from expert interviews and tests its usefulness also with field practitioners, who represent future users of the system. It is believed that the proposed system, with its current content, can be used as a platform of intra-firm training purpose. While on the internet, the proposed system will further attracts input from other beneficiaries. Although without definite success, this work can be seen as one of the many trials toward the same goal, namely creating a learning community within the construction industry. |
