高樓結構物，有別於傳統的鋼筋混凝土建築，具有質量輕、高寬比大、自然頻率低與阻尼低之特性。由於這些風敏感特性，使得風力成為地震力之外，在進行結構設計時所必需考慮的重要因素，特別是對位於西太平洋颱風區，風害頻繁的台灣。 本研究建立考慮土壤結構互制效應並分別裝設調諧質量阻尼器與調諧液柱阻尼器之多自由度扭轉耦合系統，且提出矩形建築的氣動力阻尼比預測模式，配合風力頻譜，使用頻率域分析以計算高層建築之順、橫風向及扭轉向氣動力反應，並以風洞實驗驗證模式的正確性。本文亦進行參數研究，探討當風力作用於高樓結構物時，不同性質之地基土壤對氣動力反應的影響，並評估減振裝置之抗風效能。結果顯示當土層非常堅硬時，可忽略土壤結構互制效應，而將基礎視為固定邊界以分析高層建築的氣動力反應；當土層並非十分堅硬時，若忽略土壤結構互制效應，則將高估結構動態反應，而形成較為保守之情況。此外，TMD與TLCD均可有效地降低高層建築的氣動力反應，且其抑制結構動態加速度之效用皆優於動態位移。TMD具有較優異的振動控制效能，TLCD則具有較佳之經濟性及實用性。當土層非常堅硬時，TMD和TLCD均具有優異的抗風效用。 本研究建立之分析模式可準確地預測考慮土壤結構互制效應並裝設減振裝置的高層建築之氣動力反應，此模式比傳統假設基礎為固定邊界的形式更精確地模擬結構受風力作用之振動行為，可歸納得高層建築的風力設計流程。此流程包含本文所提出之氣動力阻尼比預測模式，可合理地反映氣動力效應，並可修正國內風力規範未考慮此效應的狀況，期望對高層建築受風力作用之安全性與舒適性評估以及抗風設計提供一參考準則。 In recent years, high-strength, light-weight materials have been widely used in the construction of high-rise buildings. Such structures generally have flexible, low-damping characteristics. Consequently, wind-induced oscillation greatly affects the structural safety and the comfort of the building’s occupants. In this research, wind tunnel experiments were carried out to study the aerodynamic response of a building with energy dissipation devices. Tuned mass dampers and tuned liquid column dampers were utilized to control the wind-induced vibration. Then, a model for predicting the aerodynamic damping ratio was generated. Moreover, the soil-structure interactions were also considered in this investigation. Finally, a computing procedure was developed for the analytical modeling of the structural oscillation in a building under the wind load. The model agrees substantially with the experimental results. Therefore, it can be used to accurately calculate the structural response. Parametric studies have also been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of energy dissipation devices in suppressing the wind-induced vibration. Results from this research show that the structural oscillation is overestimated when the soil-structure interactions are neglected. Furthermore, TMDs are more effective than TLCDs, while TLCDs are more economical and practical than TMDs. When the aerodynamic effects are considered, these two equipments more effectively control the aerodynamic response. In addition, they are also more useful for reducing the acceleration than the displacement in biaxial directions. This study could help engineers to more precisely predict the aerodynamic vibration of high-rise buildings under the wind load when considering the soil-structure interactions. It may also improve the understanding of wind-structure interactions and wind resistant designs for high-rise buildings.
