隨國民所得有效提升，國民健康存量的增加，國民死亡率因而大幅降低。然而，象徵經濟快速發展與國民健康提升的碩果之餘，台灣地區十大死因結構丕變，漸由早期傳染性疾病轉變為現代文明性疾病，其中，自殺死亡率的居高不下，儼然已為長期經濟發展的衝擊與國民健康持續提升之負向效果。由於自殺成因的錯縱複雜，自殺之不理性行為更是無法預期風險，故自殺不再僅止於公共衛生或流行病學等醫療層面之問題，自殺現象與社會經濟的相依性影響，以及對各年齡層產生之遞延性、外部性與移轉性效果，對國民健康與醫療保建政策之效用亦存在長期的衝擊。為此，本研究將據以民國73-96年台灣地區23縣市整合性資料，考量時間趨勢與地區異質性下，以長期追縱之固定效果模型，探討社經變數相對標準化與各性別年齡層自殺率的影響，並以實證結果與政策意涵提出對自殺防治之前瞻性的建議。 實證結果顯示，整體自殺死亡率與經濟變數間之影響並非直接效果，惟在男性青年與中壯年齡層相對經濟變數的影響則相對顯著，老年人口自殺率則存在社經因素的外部性與親屬情感的邊際效果，因而增加可能的自殺機會成本。另外，地區性差異與自殺人口密度集中化等，將使自殺率隨年齡層遞增之彈性變小、地區中存在自殺僵固性與隱藏性經濟成本難以估計，因而使自殺防治必須存在差異性。故本研究建議自殺防治政策擬定除考量地區被剝奪特性外，尚須就自殺年齡層之結構性危機提出更有效的預防作為，希冀長期防治的目標能減緩台灣地區自殺死亡率，持續提升國民健康水準，使國家經濟發展與人民健康福祉能永續經營。The purposes of this study explore suicide and correcting for socio-economic fallacy of suicide-related. Suicide is not only a public health issue in the world, but also one of the leading causes of death in Taiwan. Suicidal behaviors have a huge impact on the national health and also cause crisis in the long-term economic development. Unlike economists, sociologists and psychologists study the suicide phenomenon than the broader importance of the factors that behind the policy effects and evidence through an econometric model for combining economic theory to examine the potential impact of suicide. According to our study results, we use a fixed-effects model of Panel Data in which control the time trend and heterogeneity by counties and cities characteristics of suicide rate in Taiwan from 1984 to 2007. We found that economic factors impact on the overall suicide rate while not great, but after the distinction between genders of all ages have a huge impact. Since of suicide that have a lower elasticity and instability for high sensitivity to take particularly in the male population of young adults age level. Suicide rate jumped sharply because of external effects of economic and it caused by spillover effects. While the elderly populations exist to impact and deferred effect in the long-term, another female face on marginal increases or decreases due of the family to suicide larger elastic. For these reasons we think that suicide prevention exist in External Effect of age difference in Taiwan. Structural rigidity for regional suicide rates that lead to prevention and low spatial spillover effects. Finally, Institution and organization of Suicide prevention should be fragmentation and disintegration.
