| 摘要: | 國道邊坡因受天然災害或潛在地質條件變化等因素影響，而發生道路阻斷，如何規劃災址坍塌土方運棄地點適切性，並考量現場工作區域運棄卡車運轉之妥善性，以降低因車輛機具過多待命造成閒置負面觀感，期能以最短時間內開通並恢復通行，因此以載運土方傾卸卡車指派縮短工期為研究範圍，建立以整數規劃為架構之數學最佳化模式，協助主管機關首長將現有棄土場、施工機具及傾卸卡車整合，統一規劃調度派遣方案，以期獲得最佳最短之道路搶通工期時間。 本研究模式以整數線性規劃為架構，搭配使用EXCEL與LINGO8.0套裝軟體求解，可適時依所需條件調整參數，重新進行需求規劃方案。另藉由相關參數敏感度分析之變化趨勢，以因應實務變化所需之新指派方案。為驗證此模式之適用性，本研究以國道3號3.1k走山事件為範例測試，經審視測試結果與人工經驗決策及指派方式，顯示成效良好。綜此可知，本研究可靈活運用於滿足災址坍塌土方運棄需求之整體規劃，以輔助救災單位研擬調度派遣計劃之重要參考。 Taking considerations of in case of national highway road block occurred from slope sliding due to factors affected by natural disaster or potential changes in geological conditions, how to plan suitability of transported spoil disposal ground for collapsed earth in disaster site, and consider appropriateness of operations of spoil transport trucks in field working areas to reduce negative impression arising from excessive stand-by vehicles and idle machinery, hoping to reopen the road and resume traffic in shortest time, therefore, this research takes shortened assignment period of spoil transport and dump trucks as scope of study and implement a mathematical optimization model using integral planning as a framework, to assist chief of competent authority to integrate existing spoil grounds, construction equipments and dump trucks, and unifyly plan scheduling and assignment program, hoping to obtain the best and shortest construction du-ration needed for reopening the road. This study model uses integer linear programming as research framework, together with EXCEL spreadsheet tool and LINGO 8.0 software package, to obtain the required solution. The parameters of this model can be timely adjusted according to the conditions required, so as to facilitate the rearrangement of requirement planning program. In addition, it is capable of coping with practical changes and generating required new assignment program through sensitivity analysis of changing trend of relevant parameters.In order to verify the applicability of this model, this research takes National Highway 3 3.1k Hill Sliding Accident as a testing example, after examined the test results and compared with human experience decision-making and assignment model, it reveals that the model functions quite satisfactory. In summary, this study can be flexibly used to meet the integral planning requirements of transported spoil disposal needs for collapsed earth in disaster site, so as to serve as an important reference to help disaster relief department in developing and preparing scheduling and assignment programs |
