康熙名臣于成龍之研究（1617-1684）;無

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题名:	康熙名臣于成龍之研究（1617-1684）;無
作者:	張宏吉;Chang,Hung-chi
贡献者:	歷史研究所碩士在職專班
关键词:	于成龍;吏治;清官;康熙;Yu Chenglong;Honest and upright official;Kangxi;Officials
日期:	2012-06-26
上传时间:	2012-09-11 17:54:24 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	于成龍是清朝著名的官吏。他出生於明萬曆四十五年（1617），明崇禎十二年（1639）中副榜貢生，順治十八年（1661）才步出仕途，時年四十五歲。于成龍生逢明末清初的鼎革時期，對於明末時期的社會亂象多有體認，故為官之後，他時時以照顧百姓為念，廣施善政、著重教化，所到之地，皆有政聲。其間屢獲上司舉荐，平生三度被舉為卓異，由一個偏遠的縣令，逐步升遷至位高權重的兩江總督。于成龍為官以廉潔著稱。從出仕開始，他始終維持清廉刻苦的生活，長年布衣蔬食，除了俸祿之外，他從不貪取一絲一毫的不義之財，反而經常捐出俸銀，用於賑災及其他慈善公益事務。其治行深受廣大百姓愛戴和朝野人士敬重，甚至得到康熙皇帝「天下廉吏第一」的表彰。于成龍仕途大都在康熙前期。康熙皇帝即位後，勵精圖治，致力於吏治的澄清，除了加強懲貪外，並對清官給予支持和表揚，以期群官仿效，爭先以當清官廉吏為榮。于成龍廉能兼備的治行、勤政愛民與誠心從政的態度，成為康熙皇帝吏治政策下的模範官吏典型。也因其對於清官廉吏總是不吝提拔並給予支持，使得康熙一朝清官廉吏不斷的湧現，也創造了康熙治世。Yu Chenglong was a famous government official in Qing Dynasty. He was born in the 45th year of the reign of Emperor Wanli of Ming Dynasty (1617), and was admitted into the associate list to study in the Imperial Academy (Guo Zi Jian) in the 12th year of the reign of Emperor Chongzhen of Ming Dynasty (1639). It was the 18th year of the reign of Emperor Shunzhi of Qing Dynasty (1661) when he started his official career at the age of 45. Yu was born in a time when Qing replaced Ming, so he had a deep knowledge of the social turmoil at the end of Ming Dynasty. Therefore, he had always put the people’s benefits at first, implemented good governance and focused on indoctrination during his official years. His political fame was spread everywhere. He was recommended by his superior for many times and was honored Outstanding three times in his entire life. He was gradually promoted to powerful position as Viceroy of Jiangsu and Jiangxi from a humble magistrate of a remote county. Yu was known for his integrity and righteousness. He had always been living an upright and assiduous life in his years of power, eating and wearing simply. He had never been corrupted, taking nothing but his lawful salary. To the contrary, he donated his salary for several times to relieve the people in disaster or other charities. He was revered for his noble deeds by both common people and officials, and was even entitled “The NO.1 Incorruptible Official in the Country” by Emperor Kangxi Yu’s government official years were mainly before the reign of Emperor Kangxi. Emperor Kangxi spared no effort to fight corruption since his succesion to the crown, honoring good officials to set role models for others to follow. As a man of integrity and capability, Yu had become the model in the policy set by Emperor Kangxi for his assiduous attitude and splendid achievements. Thanks to Emperor Kangxi’s generous promotion and support to upright officials, many integrity officials emerged in his reign to have achieved the Prosperous Reign of Kangxi.
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